Genetics EOC

Which man is the actual father of the child?

• "Dad" 1

• "Dad" 2

• "Dad" 3

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

DNA fingerprinting works because

• Most genes are dominant

• All organisms contain RNA

• The most important genes are different among most people

• No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 

What causes Down syndrome?

• The presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21

• A genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability and distinct facial features

• A chromosomal mutation involving the loss of a segment of a chromosome

• A genetic event during cell division when chromosomes fail to separate properly

Answer explanation

Down syndrome is caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to a genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability and distinct facial features.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A condition in which red blood cells are not shaped as they should be

• Cystic fibrosis

• Sickle cell Anemia

• Spina Bifida

• Tay-Sachs Disease

Answer explanation

Effects: chronic illness to early death

Treatment: blood transfusion, proper medication

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A mutation is defined as:

• A change in the cell's structure

• Anything that changes in an embryo

• Any change in the physical features of a human

• A change in the DNA sequence

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

• They often delete things that organisms need.

• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Condition caused by nondisjunction at pair 21 during meiosis.

Individuals have an extra chromosome

at pair 21, or a total of 47 chromosomes.

Also called Trisomy 21.

• Cystic Fibrosis

• Translocation

• Hemophilia

• Down Syndrome

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the ultimate source of genetic variability?  

• inbreeding

• radiation

• hybridization

• mutations

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype?

• 2

• 23

• 46

• 44

A student performed a gel electrophoresis experiment. The results are represented in the diagram

below. Compared to the fragments at the top of the gel, the fragments at the lower end are

• larger, and move slower

• larger, and move faster

• smaller, and move faster

• smaller, and move slower