ESS 3.1

What is an underground layer of rock or soil filled with water called?

• Aquifer

• Spring

• Well

• Reservoir

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

Why are some areas of Earth concentrated with minerals while others are not.

• some areas of Earth have past or current volcanic activity

• minerals can only form near water

• some areas of Earth were swamps in the past

• the climate is too warm in certain areas

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

Common minerals are found somewhat equally distributed around the world. However, rare minerals are less abundant and found only in select locations. Why are rare minerals found only in certain places?

• a. They only form under heavy pressure and heat found in volcanic zones.

• b. They only form from supernovas.

• c. They are only found in Earth’s crust.

• d. Different rare minerals form under different specific conditions.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

Which of the following is an example of a nonrenewable resource?

• Coal, because coal can be replenished, or replaced, quickly.

• Solar power because solar panels are very costly to setup.

• Crude oil, because it cannot be replaced as quickly as we consume it.

• Wind power, because once we use up wind, it cannot be replaced.

The Ogallala aquifer, or High Plains aquifer, located in the central United States is one of the largest aquifers in the world. It is shown in blue in the picture. Scientists estimate that the formation of the Ogallala aquifer began several geologic epochs ago, when the Rocky Mountains were still tectonically active. Over time, sediment from the Rocky Mountains eroded and was deposited over rivers and valleys on the eastern side of the mountains, eventually covering them and trapping water below the surface to form the aquifer. Today the Ogallala aquifer is a very important source of fresh water, supplying about 30% of the total ground water used for irrigation in the United States. The Ogallala aquifer also provides drinking water to many people who live in the central United States. Based on the information above, which of the following is true?

• Geologic processes that occur in modern times did not occur earlier in Earth's history.

• Geologic processes have very little impact on the distribution of resources on Earth.

• Past geologic processes impact the present-day location of resources on Earth.

• Past geologic processes have resulted in an even distribution of resources on Earth.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

What is the relationship between soil type/particle size and permiability (as shown by the bar graph below)?

• The larger the particle size, the slower the permeability rate

• The smaller the particle size, the faster the permeability rate

• There is no relationship between particle size and permeability

• The larger the particle size, the faster the permeability rate

What is an earthquake?

• When the earth causes an upward thrust in the epicenter.

• When the earth moves up and down along the ocean floor.

• When tectonic plates move against each other causing the earth to move. 

• None of the above

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Many earthquakes happen along the borders of...

• Countries

• Tetonic Plates

• Climate Zones

• None of the above.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

The place where an earthquake originates inside the Earth's surface is called...

• Epicenter

• Focus

• Underground

• Crust

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What tectonic feature would likely be the result of a continent to continent convergent boundary? ________________________

• Rift valley

• Mountain

• Tornado

• Trench