Unit 5 AP Bio

Which of the following describes an operon that is inactive and becomes activated by a molecule binding to the repressor?

• inducible operon

• repressible operon

Which of the following describes an operon that is active and becomes inactivated by a molecule binding to the repressor?

• inducible operon

• repressible operon

Which of the following describes the orientation of the DNA found in a run gel electrophoresis?

• Small fragments are found near the well since it is negatively charged

• Large fragments are found near the well while small fragments are found at the other end.

• Small fragments are found near the well while small fragments are found at the other end.

• Large fragments are found near the well since it is positively charged

A goat can produce milk containing the same polymers present in the silk produced by spiders when a particular genes from a spider are inserted into the goat's genome. Which of the following reasons describes why this is possible?

• Goats and spiders share a common ancestor and thus produce similar protein excretions.

• Goats retain all the genes that were found in ancestral species and will express these proteins when activated by a gene insertion

• The proteins in goats' milk and spiders' silk have the same amino acid sequence.

• The universal nature of the genetic code allows for production of identical proteins from different organisms as long as the DNA sequence is identical.

Given the locally unwound double strand in Figure 14.3, in which direction does the RNA polymerase move?

• 5' → 3' along the double-stranded DNA

• 3' → 5' along the complementary strand

• 5' → 3' along the template strand

• 5' → 3' along the complementary strand

• 3' → 5' along the template strand

Which of the following does not occur in prokaryotic gene expression, but does occur in eukaryotic gene expression?

• A poly-A tail is added to the 3' end of an mRNA and a cap is added to the 5' end.

• Transcription can begin as soon as translation has begun even a little.

• RNA polymerase requires a primer to elongate the molecule.

• RNA polymerase binds to the promoter.

• mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA are transcribed.

Which of the following best describes the significance of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?

• It signals the end of the nucleotide sequence of the gene.

• It is the recognition site for a specific transcription factor.

• It is the recognition site for ribosomal binding.

• It sets the reading frame of the mRNA.

Which of the following statements correctly describes alternative RNA splicing?

• It increases the rate of transcription.

• It is a mechanism that can increase the rate of transcription.

• It can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA.

• It allows the production of similar proteins from different RNAs.

In what way might a point mutation in DNA make a difference in the function of a protein?

• It might substitute the N-terminus of the polypeptide for the C-terminus.

• It might exchange one stop codon for another stop codon.

• It might substitute a different amino acid in the active site.

• It might result in a chromosomal translocation.

• It might exchange one serine codon for a different serine codon

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the effect of a nucleotide-pair substitution that results in a nonsense mutation in a gene?

• It has no effect on the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein.

• It alters the reading frame of the mRNA.

• It introduces a premature stop codon into the mRNA.

• It changes an amino acid in the encoded protein.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2