Protein Synthesis

A chain of amino acids is called...

• monomer

• polypeptide

• mRNA

• DNA

Which amino acid is needed to end translation?

• Lys (K)

• stop

• Ile (I)

• Phe (F)

A codon chart is used to find amino acids and reads...

• mRNA nucleotides

• DNA nucleotides

• anticodons from tRNA

• rRNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What is the polymer that is made during transcription?

• nucleotides

• mRNA

• RNA polymerase

• DNA polymerase

The order of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is determined by the _____ sequence (__, __ ,__, __). _________ in the “conga line” order of amino acids will cause the protein to be _________.

• The order of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is determined by the nucleotide sequence (A, T, C, G). Mutations in the “conga line” order of amino acids will cause the protein to be nonfunctional.

• The order of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is determined by the peptide sequence (P, Q, R, S). Alterations in the “conga line” order of amino acids will cause the protein to be unstable.

• The order of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is determined by the sugar sequence (G, F, L, P). Variations in the “conga line” order of amino acids will cause the protein to be ineffective.

• The order of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is determined by the enzyme sequence (E, N, Z, Y). Disruptions in the “conga line” order of amino acids will cause the protein to be misfolded.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Cells make different proteins at different times depending on: The _______ of cell they are. How the environment around them is changing.

• type

• size

• age

• color

• number

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Step 1: Transcription. Location: ____________. Overview: The _____ of interest (_____) is copied (by enzymes) into ________________ RNA (mRNA). What you will do: Use the same base pairing rules as you did with DNA replication, except in mRNA, thymine is replaced with __________.

• gene

• messenger

• nucleus

• uracil

• DNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Step 2: Translation. Location: ____________. Overview: The mRNA feeds through the ribosome where the code of ___________ is translated into a ________ with the help of other RNAs.

• cytoplasm -

• nucleotides.

• polypeptide -

• sequence -

• amino acid.

Proteins are made up of ____ different ________________.

• Proteins are made up of four different types of nucleotides.

• Proteins are made up of twenty different kinds of amino acids.

• Proteins are made up of hundreds different kinds of sugars.

• Proteins are made up of ten different types of fatty acids.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Each protein ______ into a unique ____ shape due to the _____________ of the amino acids in its _________________ chain. This is how proteins can be most _________ of the 4 macromolecules, coming in thousands of different shapes and sizes.

• Each protein stretches into a unique flat shape due to the size of the amino acids in its complex chain. This is how proteins can be most similar of the 4 macromolecules, coming in thousands of different shapes and sizes.

• Each protein binds into a unique linear shape due to the number of the amino acids in its simple chain. This is how proteins can be most uniform of the 4 macromolecules, coming in thousands of different shapes and sizes.

• Each protein folds into a unique three-dimensional shape due to the properties of the amino acids in its polypeptide chain. This is how proteins can be most diverse of the 4 macromolecules, coming in thousands of different shapes and sizes.

• Each protein twists into a unique circular shape due to the sequence of the amino acids in its primary chain. This is how proteins can be most basic of the 4 macromolecules, coming in thousands of different shapes and sizes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1