Natural Selection Evolution

Definition: natural selection

• inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival

• organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate

• a growing population causes a scarcity of resources

• differences in the DNA sequence

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How do you "win" at natural selection?

• survive

• go extinct

• survive & reproduce

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English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882).

• Darwin

• Wallace

• Linnaeus

• Lamarck

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Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.

• Extinction

• Genetic variation

• Natural Resources

• Evolution

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The Asian shore crab invaded parts of the eastern coast of the United States about 15 years ago. The Asian shore crab preys on blue mussels. In the time since the Asian shore crab arrived, the average shell thickness of the blue mussel population has increased. Which of the following is the most likely reason that this increase in shell thickness has occurred?

• Blue mussels with thick shells attract more crabs that mussels without thick shells.

• Blue mussels with thick shells grow in larger colonies than mussels without thick shells.

• Blue mussels with thick shells catch more food per day than mussels without thick shells.

• Blue mussels with thick shells survive and reproduce more successfully than mussels without thick shells.

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The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

• Dark moth

• Light moth

• Both will be equally successful

• Neither will be successful

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Since the 1800s humans have stopped burning coal, and the trees have returned to their original color. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

• Dark moth

• Light moth

• Both will be equally successful

• Neither will be successful

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Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________

• increase in number
  

• become extinct
  

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Definition: adaptation

• inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival

• organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate

• a growing population causes a scarcity of resources

• differences in the DNA sequence

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A slight difference in an inherited trait between individual members of the same species.

• variations

• adapatations

• homologous structures

• analogous structures

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