SC 4 E 6 2

Samantha is identifying different minerals she found on vacation. Which property of the minerals will Samantha be LEAST able to determine by using only her eyes?

• color

• hardness

• luster

• texture

Chico is examining two igneous rocks. He observes that one rock is light-colored and one is dark-colored. Both rocks have very large crystals and are very coarse. How can two rocks made by the same process be so different in color?

• They cooled at different rates.

• They contain different minerals.

• They were made at different times.

• They were worn down at different rates.

Karen is visiting the Grand Canyon. The Grand Canyon was formed over millions of years as a river cut through the land. The river carried these fragments downstream where they were deposited. What kind of rock is formed when loose rocks and dirt are transported and re-deposited?

• crystallized

• igneous

• metamorphic

• sedimentary

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

What type of rock does magma form as it cools?

• Igneous

• Fossil

• Metamorphic

• Sedimentary

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Emily backyard has pieces of slate rock that are used as a footpath. Slate is a metamorphic rock that splits into flat pieces. What natural forces in Earth cause the formation of slate?

• Lava erupts and runs down the side of a volcano, then cools and hardens.

• Molten magma deep inside Earth cools and slowly hardens over time.

• Sediments of once living things are deposited over time and become cemented.

• Great heat and pressure cause the minerals to line up in parallel layers

A copper penny has a hardness of 3. Melodia uses the penny to test the hardness of the mineral feldspar. She cannot scratch the feldspar with the penny. What can she conclude about the hardness of the feldspar?

• It has a hardness of 3.

• It is softer than the penny.

• It is harder than the penny.

• It has a hardness of less than 3.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Which statement can help Jessica and Joakim explain the changes that occurred to the rock over the years?

• Gravity pulled on the rock over the years causing it to break.

• Wind blew into the cracks of the rock causing the cracks to widen over time.

• Water goes into the rock and freezes causing the cracks to widen over time.

• Water from a river flows over the rocks every summer causing the cracks to widen over time.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Yardangs are tall, broad peaks that appear in deserts. Weathering and erosion work together to form yardangs. They are produced by wind that carries dust or sand. The gritty wind wears away the soft rock of a cliff, leaving a shape like the one seen here. What are the agents of weathering and erosion that form yardangs?

• rock particles falling to the base of the yardang

• wind picking up sand from the desert

• loose particles from the cliff blowing to new parts of the desert

• wind and sand wearing away the rock face

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Gael enjoys learning about fossils. His dad suggests that Gael look up information about sedimentary rocks. How are fossils and sedimentary rock related?

• Fossils form as sedimentary rock slowly weathers.

• Sedimentary rock and fossils both form through heat and pressure.

• Sedimentary rock forms when rocks, shells, and fossils are cemented together.

• Fossils form when melted sedimentary rock cools.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Blue, green, orange, silver, and brown are words that can describe what property of a mineral?

• cleavage

• streak

• luster

• color