Unit 6 Review

Which of the following statements regarding the water cycle is correct?

• Water vapor cools in the atmosphere and evaporates to form clouds at point C.

• Water vapor warms in the atmosphere and condenses to form clouds at point A.

• The Sun’s thermal energy causes water to condense from the hydrosphere to the atmosphere at point A.

• Water vapor cools and condenses in the atmosphere to form precipitation at Point B that returns to the geosphere and hydrosphere at point C.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Which of the following best describes the interactions between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere during land and sea breezes?

• The land heats up less during the day resulting in a sea breeze, which is cooler air blowing inland from the ocean.

• The ocean heats up more during the day resulting in a sea breeze, which is cooler air blowing inland from the ocean.

• The ocean is warmer than the land at night resulting in a land breeze, which is cooler air blowing from inland areas towards the ocean.

• The land is warmer than the ocean at night resulting in a land breeze, which is cooler air blowing from inland areas towards the ocean.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which part of the diagram shows convection occurring within Earth’s system?

• A shows convection

• B shows convection

• C shows convection

• D shows convection

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Mrs. Adsit’s class has created a list of different ways heat transfer occurs in Earth's systems as shown below. Examples of Heat Transfer in Earth’s Systems - Example A: Sand heats ocean water at the shoreline. - Example B: Warm water rises and replaces cooler water in the ocean. - Example C: Cool air replaces warmer air in the atmosphere. - Example D: Rocks are warmed by the Sun. Which is an example of heat transfer through conduction?

• Example A

• Example B

• Example C

• Example D

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Ms. Florio tells the students to make sure they bring their jackets to school tomorrow. She knows that there will be a front of cold air moving in soon because of the change in low-pressure system caused by jet streams. Which of the following best explains how jet streams influence local weather patterns?

• They cause movements of ocean water in a continuous flow.

• Their path fluctuates to the north or south depending on the location of hot and cold air masses.

• They can blow from north to south and form along the borders of masses of hot air, warm air, and cold air.

• They create a force (known as the pressure gradient force) that causes air to move in a variety of ways.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Enrico watched the weather forecast for the next week on television. He noticed that the locations of predicted thunderstorms are often along the path of the jet stream. How could Enrico best explain this observation?

• The jet stream generally flows along the boundary between interacting cold and warm air masses.

• The jet stream is a fast current of air that is formed by the great amount of energy of thunderstorms.

• The storms Enrico is observing come from inside the jet stream where cold air and warm air mix together.

• The jet stream carries moist air that cools and forms thunderstorms beneath it as it travels north and south across the world.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The major movement of air and water on Earth is a result of which of the following statements?

• Uneven heating and rotation of Earth.

• Irregular durations of daytime and nighttime.

• Diversities in the height of coastal landforms.

• Different densities of seawater and fresh water.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The Gulf Stream is a large, warm ocean current that flows from the Gulf of Mexico into the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean, as shown in the diagram below.  Which of the following best explains the Gulf Stream’s effect on the climate in the starred city in Europe?

• The colder air transfers thermal energy to the water, and they both become colder, resulting a cooler, drier climate in the starred city.

• The warmer water transfers thermal energy to the air, and they both become warmer, resulting in a warmer, wetter climate in the starred city.

• The warmer water transfers thermal energy to the air, making the air warmer and the water colder, resulting in a warmer, wetter climate in the starred city.

• Thermal energy cannot be transferred between air and water, hence, there are no effects on the climate of the starred city.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The global ocean conveyor belt is responsible for driving weather and climate patterns on Earth. What factors contribute to the deep ocean currents in the conveyor belt?

• Factors that contribute to ocean currents are wind and temperature.

• Factors that contribute to ocean currents are temperature and salinity.

• Factors that contribute to ocean currents are temperature and landforms.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Jahim goes into the living room and turns on the light switch. However, no lights came on. He noticed that the rest of the lights in the house were working. He predicts that the light in the lamp went out. Jahim replaces the bulb in the lamp and the light comes back on. What part of the scientific method did Jahim use when he predicted why the light did not come on?

• Making a hypothesis

• Designing and planning an experiment

• Constructing a conclusion supported by data

• Observing and analyzing the results of his experiment