From DNA to Protein

RNA uses ______ instead of thymine.

• Guanine

• Cytosine

• Adenine

• Uracil

Define Messenger RNA:

• Main component of ribosomes, which build polypeptide chains

• Delivers amino acids to ribosomes during translation

• Contains the information transcribed from DNA

Define Transfer RNA:

• Contains the information transcribed from DNA

• Main component of ribosomes, which build polypeptide chains

• Delivers amino acids to ribosomes during translation

What contains all the information needed to make the molecules of life?

• RNA

• Proteins

• Genes

• Mitochondria

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Gene expression is a multistep process that includes...

• Transcription

• Translation

• Transformation

• Transition

What is RNA polymerase?

• enzyme that carries out transcription by linking RNA nucleotides into a chain, in the order dictated by the base sequence of a gene

• enzymes that catalyze the separation of duplex nucleic acids into single strands in an ATP-dependent reaction and function in DNA modification processing

• an enzyme that closes nicks or discontinuities in one strand of double-stranded DNA

What are introns?

• sequences that stay in RNA

• Modified guanine “cap” at the 5' end

• one gene to encode multiple

  versions of a proteins

• nucleotide sequences that are removed from new RNA strands

What are exons?

• sequences that stay in RNA

• one gene to encode multiple versions of a proteins

• Modified guanine “cap” at the 5' end

• nucleotide sequences that are removed from new RNA strands

What is a codon?

• carries the information for building proteins to ribosomes and tRNA for translation

• In an mRNA, a nucleotide base triplet that codes for an amino acid or stop signal during translation.

• Post-transcriptional RNA modification process in which exons are rearranged

• Joins free RNA nucleotides into a complementary strand of mRNA

How many mRNA codons are there?

• 63

• 64

• 65

• 66