Amplify Thermal Energy Critical Juncture Mock Assessment

Eric pours some iced tea into a glass. When he puts the iced tea in the glass, the energy of the glass decreases. What must be true of the energy of the iced tea?

• a. The ice tea's energy decreases while the energy of the glass decreases.

• b. The ice tea's energy increases while the energy of the glass decreases.

• c. The ice tea's energy stays the same while the energy of the glass decreases.

• d. It is impossible to know without data on the number of molecules in each object.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The image above shows information about two different substances in sealed containers. At room temperature, both substances are liquids. A scientist transfers the same amount of energy into both substances. One substance changes phase, but the other does not. Which chemical changed phase, and why did it change?

• Substance A changed phase because its molecules were able to move fast enough to overcome the attraction between them. Its molecules now move away from each other.

•  Substance A changed phase because the weak attraction between its molecules allowed them to move faster. Its molecules now move away from each other.

• Substance B changed phase because the molecules were able to move fast enough to overcome the attraction between them. Its molecules now move away from each other.

•  Substance B changed phase because the strong attraction between molecules made their movement slower. Its molecules now move in place

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A student left a jar of water outside his home. Water can be a solid, liquid, or gas. When he put the jar outside, the water was liquid. Twelve hours later, the water had changed phase and was a gas. What happened to the water molecules?

• When the student left the jar outside, the molecules were moving around each other. Later, the molecules were moving in place.

• When the student left the jar outside, the molecules were moving away from each other. Later, the molecules were moving around each other

• When the student left the jar outside, the molecules were moving in place. Later, the molecules were moving around each other.

• When the student left the jar outside, the molecules were moving around each other. Later, the molecules were moving away from each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Two different cars, the Model S and Model T, use different substances in their engines. The image above shows the two substances. At room temperature, both substances are liquids. A car mechanic transferred the same amount of energy out of the two containers, but only one substance changed phase. Which car’s substance changed phase, and how did it change?

• The Model T’s substance changed phase because the attraction of the molecules was able to overcome their slower movement. Its molecules now move in place.

•  The Model T’s substance changed phase because the strong attraction between the molecules made their movement slower. Its molecules now move in place.

• The Model S’s substance changed phase because the weak attraction between the molecules allowed them to move faster. Its molecules now move around each other.

• The Model S’s substance changed phase because the attraction was able to overcome the slower molecules. Its molecules now move away from each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Molecules in a hotter sample will....

• have more kinetic energy

• be moving faster

• be moving slower

• be red in color

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Energy will always be transferred from the...

• hotter sample to the colder sample

• colder sample to the hotter sample

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Claude is in the kitchen cooking and is going to stack one pan on top of another pan. The two pans are the same size and have the same number of molecules. The diagram above shows the pans now, before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. How does the temperature of the top pan compare with the temperature of the bottom pan now, and what will happen after the pans have been touching for a while?

• Before the pans touch, the bottom pan is hotter than the top pan. Once the pans are touching, the bottom pan will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler top pan until both pans reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• Before the pans touch, the bottom pan is hotter than the top pan. Once the pans are touching, the cooler top pan will gain kinetic energy until the molecules in both pans have an energy of 70, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

• Before the pans touch, the bottom pan is cooler than the top pan. Once the pans are touching, the top pan will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler bottom pan until both pans reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures

• Before the pans touch, the two pans are different temperatures. Once the pans are touching, both kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two pans until both pans reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

As temperature increases, the energy of molecules

• increases

• decreases

• remains the same

• destroys energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

When thermal energy is amplified in a system, what happens to the kinetic energy of the molecules?

• A) It increases

• B) It decreases

• C) It remains constant

• D) It becomes zero

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Which of the following is a critical juncture in a thermal energy experiment?

• A) Reaching thermal equilibrium

• B) Starting the experiment

• C) Measuring initial temperature

• D) Recording data