AP Chemistry Thermodynamics

The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the

• Zeroth law of thermodynamics

• law of heat addition

• principle of entropy

• conservation of energy

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

The second  law of thermodynamics states that entropy of a system  tends to ______________. 

• increase

• decrease

• stay constant

• fluctuate wildly

Which statement is true about the ENTROPY?

• Entropy refers to DISORDER, the unusable energy that escapes a system.

• Entropy refers to the balance of temperature among two or more systems.

• Entropy refers to the average kinetic energy of the molecules.

• Entropy refers to the inability to destroy or create energy. 

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Which is an example of decreasing entropy in a closed system?

• Boiling water

• Freezing water

• Cells in a body coming together

• Ice melting

A slower particle has a lower energy than an identical, faster particle.

• True

• False

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NGSS.HS-PS3-2

Thermal energy always moves:

• From a high temperature object to a lower temperature object.

• From a lower temperature object to a higher temperature object.

• From an object with lower kinetic energy to an object with higher kinetic energy.

• From an object of higher mass to an object of lower mass.

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Convection

• The transfer of thermal energy through liquids and gases

• The transfer of thermal energy through solids

• The transfer of thermal energy as electromagnetic waves

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-3

Radiation

• The transfer of thermal energy as electromagnetic waves

• The transfer of thermal energy through solids

• The transfer of thermal energy through liquids and gases

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NGSS.HS-PS4-5

In which of the following systems is entropy increasing?

• Putting together a puzzle

• Putting books on a shelf

• Breaking a plate

• Filling a jar of salt

Which of the following is an example of convection?

• A hair dryer is drying up your hair.

• When the AC or heater changes the temperature.

• When a car engine turns hot after being turned on.

• When you are making soup and the water is rising and lowering.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-3