Unit 6 AP Bio

Replication in prokaryotes differs from replication in eukaryotes for which of these reasons?

• Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have many.

• Prokaryotes produce Okazaki fragments during DNA replication, but eukaryotes do not.

What is meant by the description ʺantiparallelʺ regarding the strands that make up DNA?

• The 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction of one strand runs counter to the 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction of the other strand.

• One strand is positively charged and the other is negatively charged.

Which of the following covalently connects segments of DNA?

• helicase

• DNA polymerase

• ligase

synthesizes short segments of RNA?

• helicase

• DNA polymerase

• primase

The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically assume all of the following except

• a gene from an organism could theoretically be expressed by any other organism.

• all organisms have a common ancestor.

• DNA was the first genetic material.

• the same codons in different organisms usually translate into the same amino acids.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

RNA polymerase moves in which direction along the DNA?

• 3ʹ → 5ʹ along the template strand

• 3ʹ → 5ʹ along the coding (sense) strand

What are the coding segments of a stretch of eukaryotic DNA called?

• introns

• exons

Introns are significant to biological evolution because

• their presence allows exons to be shuffled.

• they protect the mRNA from degeneration.

A mutation in which of the following parts of a gene is likely to be most damaging to a cell?

• intron

• exon

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Alternative RNA splicing

• is a mechanism for increasing the rate of transcription.

• can allow the production of proteins of different sizes from a single mRNA