Quiz about Recombinant DNA Technology

Question 1

Which is the primary purpose of using restriction enzymes before gel electrophoresis?

Accepted Answer

It cuts the DNA strands in a set location for analysis.

Answer

It restricts the number of base pairs that can be tested in a sample

Answer

It makes the testing simpler by moving the strands into the gel faster

Answer

It charges the DNA strands

Question 2

Which is the primary purpose of using restriction enzymes in gel electrophoresis?

Accepted Answer

It allows the strands of DNA to be cut into various lengths for testing

Answer

It restricts the number of base pairs that can be tested in a sample

Answer

It makes the testing simpler by moving the strands into the gel faster

Answer

It charges the DNA strands

Question 3

A method used to rapidly make multiple copies of a specific segment of DNA.

Accepted Answer

PCR (Polymerse Chain Reaction)

Answer

Electrophoresis

Answer

<p>DNA Probe</p>

Question 4

What are some animal applications of recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Leaner meat

Accepted Answer

Fish that grow quicker

Accepted Answer

More vitamins in food

Accepted Answer

More nutritious milk

Accepted Answer

Greater milk production

Question 5

What are some medical applications of recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

Produce human medications or supplements in milk of organisms

Accepted Answer

Human insulin produced by E.coli

Accepted Answer

Human growth hormone

Accepted Answer

Dissolve blood clots

Accepted Answer

Human clotting factor

Question 6

Explain the factors you would consider when selecting a vector for cloning a large gene. What challenges might arise?

Accepted Answer

Consider vector size, origin of replication, selection markers, promoter compatibility, and cloning site; challenges include transformation difficulty and insert instability.

Answer

Vector size is irrelevant for large genes

Answer

Only consider the cost of the vector

Answer

Promoter compatibility is not a factor in cloning

Question 7

You notice low transformation efficiency in your bacterial cells. What potential causes could you investigate to improve this?

Accepted Answer

Investigate cell competence, DNA quality, transformation protocol, growth conditions, and recovery media.

Answer

Switching to a different bacterial strain without testing

Answer

Increasing incubation time only

Answer

Using outdated plasmids

Question 8

Imagine you are cloning a gene but the insert does not ligate into the vector. What could be the possible reasons and solutions?

Accepted Answer

Possible reasons include incompatible ends, low concentrations, inactive ligase, incorrect buffer, or inhibitors; solutions involve ensuring compatibility, adjusting concentrations, checking ligase activity, using the right buffer, and purifying DNA.

Answer

The vector is not compatible with any gene.

Answer

The ligase works better at lower temperatures.

Answer

The gene is too long to clone.

Question 9

You are trying to transform E. coli with a plasmid, but the cells are not taking up the DNA. What could be the underlying issues?

Accepted Answer

Possible issues include inadequate heat shock, poor plasmid quality, cells not in optimal growth phase, or inefficient transformation protocol.

Answer

The plasmid is too large to enter the cells.

Answer

E. coli cells are naturally resistant to all plasmids.

Answer

The transformation was performed at room temperature.

Question 10

You are sequencing a plasmid and notice unexpected mutations in the sequence. How would you investigate the source of these mutations?

Accepted Answer

Investigate sequencing process, compare with databases, analyze plasmid origin and environmental factors.

Answer

Assume the plasmid is contaminated and discard it

Answer

Ignore the mutations and proceed with experiments

Answer

Change the sequencing method without further analysis

Question 11

Describe a scenario where a gene cloning technique fails. What steps would you take to troubleshoot the issue?

Accepted Answer

A gene cloning technique fails due to unsuccessful transformation of host cells.

Answer

The gene cloning technique fails due to the presence of antibiotics in the growth medium.

Answer

The gene cloning technique fails because the plasmid is too large to be taken up by the host cells.

Answer

The gene cloning technique fails due to excessive temperature during incubation.

Question 12

You are optimizing a PCR reaction but consistently get non-specific bands. What adjustments could you make to improve specificity?

Accepted Answer

Increase annealing temperature and optimize primer design.

Answer

Use a longer extension time

Answer

Decrease primer concentration

Answer

Add more template DNA

Question 13

You are sequencing a DNA fragment, but the results show poor quality reads. What troubleshooting steps would you take?

Accepted Answer

Check sample quality, verify library preparation, adjust sequencing parameters, consider different platforms, analyze data for errors.

Answer

Use outdated sequencing technology without adjustments

Answer

Ignore the results and proceed with analysis

Answer

Increase the sample size without checking quality

Question 14

You have optimized your PCR conditions, but the yield is still low. What additional factors could you explore to enhance yield?

Accepted Answer

Explore primer design, template quality, enzyme concentration, cycle number, reaction volume, and additives.

Answer

Reduce the number of primers used

Answer

Increase the temperature of the PCR reaction

Answer

Use a lower quality template

Question 15

If you are cloning a gene with a high GC content, what specific challenges might you face during the PCR process?

Accepted Answer

Challenges include difficulty in denaturation, higher annealing temperatures, and formation of secondary structures.

Answer

Increased efficiency of amplification

Answer

Lower melting temperatures

Answer

Easier primer binding

Question 16

Imagine you are using a new vector system for the first time. What preliminary tests would you conduct to ensure its effectiveness for your cloning project?

Accepted Answer

Conduct transformation efficiency tests, evaluate vector stability, test gene expression, and check for mutations.

Answer

Analyze plasmid color change

Answer

Measure vector size only

Answer

Assess bacterial growth rate

Question 17

Discuss the importance of antibiotic resistance markers in vector selection. What issues could arise if they are not properly utilized?

Accepted Answer

Antibiotic resistance markers are essential for ensuring the effective selection of vectors in genetic engineering and microbiology.

Answer

Antibiotic resistance markers are only relevant in human medicine.

Answer

Proper utilization of antibiotic resistance markers is irrelevant to microbiology.

Answer

Vector selection does not impact the effectiveness of genetic engineering.

Question 18

Recombinant DNA technology

Accepted Answer

uses bacteria to make copies of the desired product and splices DNAs together.

Answer

is possible only between closely related species

Answer

uses bacteria to make copies of the desired product

Answer

uses bacteria to make copies of the desired product, splices DNAs together, and is possible only between closely related species

Question 19

In order to insert a human gene into plasmid, both must

Accepted Answer

be cut by the same restriction enzyme.

Answer

code for the same gene product.

Answer

originate from the same type of cell.

Answer

have identical sequences.

Question 20

Recombinant DNA Technology

Accepted Answer

It involves the combination of DNA from two different species.

Answer

It is a process that occurs naturally in bacteria.

Answer

It is used to create identical copies of an organism.

Answer

It is a method to sequence DNA.

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