Protein Synthesis and Mutations

A type of frameshift mutation involving the addition of one or more nucleotide pairs to a gene.

• deletion mutation

• insertion mutation

• nonsense mutation

• substitution

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

type of RNA that associates with proteins to form ribosomes

• messenger RNA

• transfer RNA

• ribosomal RNA

process in which mRNA is synthesized from the template DNA. DNA is re-written into mRNA.

• transcription

• translation

• amino acids

• ribose sugar

monomers of proteins, coded for by the mRNA during transcription

• transcription

• translation

• amino acids

• ribose sugar

three-base code in DNA or mRNA

• mutation

• anti-codon

• codon

Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

• They often delete things that organisms need.

• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

If you are missing or have an extra base  at the end of your mutated DNA . What type of mutation occurred?

• Substitution

• Frameshift

• Duplication 

• Insertion

In messenger RNA, each codon specifies a particular

• nucleotide

• enzyme

• amino acid

• promoter

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is true?

• A codon can specify more than one amino acid

• Every codon specifies a different amino acid

• Some codons specify the same amino acid

• Some codons have no function at all

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A portion of DNA reads GAG. The corresponding mRNA would be

• GUG

• GTG

• CTC

• CUC