AP Biology: DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis

Which feature of model 1 best illustrates how biological information is coded in a DNA molecule?

• The 5′ and 3′ labels at the ends of each strand

• The labeling of the hydrogen bonds between base pairs

• The lines connecting sugars and phosphate groups that represent covalent bonds

• The linear sequence of the base pairs

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Figure 1 represents a segment of DNA. Radiation can damage the nucleotides in a DNA molecule. To repair some types of damage, a single nucleotide can be removed from a DNA molecule and replaced with an undamaged nucleotide. Which of the four labeled bonds in Figure 1 could be broken to remove and replace the cytosine nucleotide without affecting the biological information coded in the DNA molecule?

• Bond X only

• Bond W only

• Bonds Y and Z at the same time

• Bonds W and Z at the same time

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following statements is correct about the molecule shown in Figure 1 ?

• It is RNA because of the relative direction of the two strands.

• It is RNA because of the number of different nucleotides found in the molecule.

• It is DNA because of the nature of the hydrogen bonds between guanine and cytosine.

• It is DNA because of the nucleotides present.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which of the following element(s) are found in proteins?

• Carbon / Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Phosphorus

• Nitrogen

• Sulfur

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

What type of RNA carries the DNA message out of the nucleus to the ribosomes?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• RNA

• DNA

DNA is used as a guide to rewrite the genetic code into RNA. RNA can then leave the nucleus.

• This is Transcription.

• This is Translation.

​ (a)   : forms part of ribosomes, cell's protein factories

​ ​ (b)   : brings amino acids from cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make growing proteins.

​ (c)   : intermediate message that is translated to form a protein

• rRNA

• tRNA

• mRNA

Through the process of transcription, DNA makes a complimentary strand of

• DNA

• RNA

• CNA

• ATP

• None of these

What is Thymine replaced with in RNA?

• Uracil

• Guanine

• Adenine

• Cytosine

RNA goes to the ribosome where it is used as a guide to attach amino acids together. Amino acids in a chain is a protein

• This is Transcription.

• This is Translation.