Change Over Time

What bird, studied by Charles Darwin on the Galapagos Islands, was used as evidence to support his theory of natural selection?

• flamingos

• ostriches

• finches

• canaries

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What most likely happened to species that are found in the fossil record but have no living members?

• They mutated into other species.

• They had offspring of a different species.

• They became extinct.

• They were never truly living.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce?

• natural selection

• overproduction

• competition

• variation

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The gradual change in  a species over time is called

• mutation

• evolution

• migration

• variation

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What was the name of the scientist who had the theory of evolution?

• Lamarck

• Einstein

• Washington

• Darwin

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When looking at two tree frogs, a student noticed that one of the frogs had longer toes than the other.  This is an example of --

• cloning

• a fossil

• replication

• a variation

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Charles Darwin noted that many of the animals on the Galapagos Islands were --

• similar but not always identical to animals on the mainland

• identical to animals on the mainland except they were always slightly smaller

• much larger and dirtier than other animals he had observed on the mainland

• starving to death because of lack of living space

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Who established that all species of life descended over time from common ancestors?

• Albert Einstein

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

• Robert Hooke

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Natural selection is defined as

• the changes in the characteristics within a population that lead to survival.

• the process by which humans select the most desirable organisms in a population.

• the changes that occur in a population that do not affect survival.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Some organisms have favorable traits that are well-suited to their environments. Organisms with this advantage are more likely to thrive, reproduce, and pass their traits to future generations than organisms without favorable traits. This process is known as

• genetic engineering

• natural selection

• selective breeding

• artificial selection

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