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Which is most likely the result of genetic variation in organisms?

• Some bacteria survive when exposed to antibiotics.

• A virus wipes out an entire field of crops.

• Mothers give birth to identical twins.

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Some peacocks are born with a genetic variation that makes them completely white. How does this affect the likelihood of their survival?

• Genetic variation in the white peacock makes it stand out in a crowd as a target for potential predators, resulting in fewer white peacocks.

• Genetic variation in the white peacock makes it stand out in a crowd and scares potential predators, resulting in more white peacocks.

• Genetic variation in the white peacock makes it more attractive to mates, which will result in more white peacocks.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Throughout fossil records, many species appearing in lower layers of rock disappear in higher layers of rock. Which best explains their disappearance?

• The species became extinct.

• The species moved to another geographic location.

• The fossil remains were disrupted by an earthquake.

• Environmental conditions were not suitable for fossil formation.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Which best supports the idea of continental drift?

• Coastlines are constantly changing shape due to erosion.

• Earthquakes are frequently felt in many regions of the world.

• Glaciers currently exist in areas considered too warm for glaciers to form.

• Fossilized remains of the same plants and animals are found on different continents.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which best explains why species living in Australia are found nowhere else on Earth?

• Australia has an ecosystem different from any other area on Earth.

• Humans have genetically altered many Australian species in laboratories.

• Australian species were genetically altered after a comet hit the landmass.

• Australia separated from other continents and species there evolved independently.

Two organisms have homologous structures. Which can most likely be concluded about the two organisms?

• They are unrelated.

• They are the same organism.

• They share a common ancestor.

• They evolved in a similar environment.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

It is possible to hypothesize how a particular group of organisms evolved by arranging fossils in a chronological sequence. Where would the oldest fossils be found?

• the deepest rock layer

• the most shallow rock layer

• the rock layer with the greatest variety of fossils

• the rock layer containing fossils with the most complex structures

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Which best helps scientists explore the relationship between modern organisms and ancestral species to create a system of biological classification?

• volcanic ash

• fossils

• DNA evidence

• igneous rock layers

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

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Which evidence found in fossils supports that an ice age occurred during a particular time period?

• fern fossils

• glacial sediments

• high oxygen levels

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Which term refers to the classification of organisms in an ordered system that indicates natural relationships?

• taxonomy

• tectonics

• geology

• biology