8.11c

How might the information most directly affect the ocean?

• Fish populations increase along the coasts

• Runoff from coastal cities carries more pollutants

• More artificial reefs appear off the coasts

• Shark attacks decrease

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Artificial reefs are manmade structures that provide surfaces for algae and other invertebrates such as barnacles, to attach. In turn, these reefs attract fish and larger predators. Which statement describes a positive effect of artificial reefs on the ocean system?

• These created habitats could increase the local shark population, which might increase the number of shark attacks on humans

• The increased fish population may lead to overfishing on the coasts

• Materials within the artificial reef could contain toxins that damage the marine ecosystem

• There is an increase in biodiversity in the ocean system

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

Which is NOT an example of how humans depend on ocean systems?

• Climate regulation

• Source for natural resources

• Excess carbon dioxide production

• Transportation

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Many people improperly dispose of motor oil. How could improper disposal of motor oil affect ocean systems?

• The oil evaporates into the atmosphere and pollutes the oceans with acid rain

• The oil becomes runoff pollution and flows into the oceans

• The oil is absorbed by the ocean floor and can be mined again fro commercial use

• The oil soaks into the ground and remains in underground aquifers

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

As the population continues to increase, the pressures on water resources also increase. Which is NOT a reason why an increase in human population correlates with extra pressure on aquatic ecosystems?

• Overfishing

• Decreased salinity in oceans

• Increased numbers of vacations on cruise lines

• Loss of habitat for aquatic animals

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

Unrestricted coastal development, pollution, and destructive fishing are some of the human activities that deplete ocean marine life. Which human activity is NOT beneficial to conservation of the ocean system?

• Reduction of plastic consumption

• Proper disposal of chemicals

• Release of wastewater

• Artificial reef programs

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-3

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

How have human activities modified ocean systems?

• Discarded plastics can trap, suffocate, and cause gastrointestinal problems for marine life, resulting in starvation

• Runoff with excessive chemicals can increase nutrients, resulting in more plant growth and reducing the dissolved oxygen content of the water

• Oil from oil spills penetrates the fur and feathers of organisms, causing vulnerability to temperature changes and decreasing buoyancy in water

• All of the answer choices

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

What is the process in which carbon atoms are cycled between abiotic and biotic factors on Earth?

• Photosynthesis

• Respiration

• Carbon cycle

• Geosphere

Answer explanation

The carbon cycle is the process where carbon atoms are exchanged between abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) components of the Earth, including processes like photosynthesis and respiration, making it the correct answer.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What process do plants use to create their own food using sunlight?

• Respiration

• Carbon cycle

• Photosynthesis

• Geosphere

Answer explanation

Plants use photosynthesis to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen, making it the correct process for creating their own food.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

A student is developing a model of the carbon cycle, which involves the movement of carbon among various Earth systems. She begins by drawing the diagram shown below. What does arrow 1 represent?

• burning

• photosynthesis

• cellular respiration

Answer explanation

Arrow 1 represents photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and sunlight into glucose and oxygen, thus playing a crucial role in the carbon cycle.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3