Basic Genetics Vocabulary

DNA is the universal genetic code of all living things. A change in an organism's DNA is called

• a phenotype.

• a mutation.

• a genotype.

• a trait.

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Example of a phenotype

• Tt

• rr

• dimples

• TT

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Made up of two of the same alleles

• Heterozygous

• Genetics

• Trait

• Homozygous

trait that is most likely to occur in offspring

• homozygous

• dominant

• recessive

• heterozygous

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One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

• alleles

• DNA

• dominant gene

• inherited

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A distinguishing characteristic or quality, a feature that is inherited such as flower color, hair color, and height.

• hybrid

• trait

• chromosomes

• heredity

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the science that studies how traits are inherited through the interactions of alleles

• heredity

• genetics

• biology

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The study of heredity

• botany

• heredity

• genetics

• geophysics

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The basic unit of heredity that consists of a segment of DNA on a chromosome

• chromosome

• double helix

• homozygous

• gene

the child or young of two parents

• phenotype

• species

• purebred

• offspring

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