Energy Review

A demonstration helps students understand a principle of roller coaster design. Which choice correctly describes the ball's kinetic & potential energy?

• The ball has more potential energy at position X than at position Z

• The ball has more kinetic energy at position Y than at position W

• The potential energy & kinetic energy of the ball are equal at position X

• The potential energy & kinetic energy of the ball are greatest at position Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A bicycle rider is traveling up a hill. When the rider reaches the top of the hill, she stops to rest. Then she travels down the hill. The diagram shows the rider in 3 different positions. Which of these correctly describes the potential energy and the kinetic energy of the rider?

• When the rider is at the top of the hill, her potential energy is the greatest, and her kinetic energy is the least.

• As the rider moves up the hill, her kinetic energy increases, and her potential energy decreases.

• When the rider goes down the hill, her potential energy increases, and her kinetic energy decreases.

• As the rider reaches the bottom of the hill, her kinetic energy and her potential energy decrease.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

The drawing shows two identical airplanes at an air show. The airplanes are flying at the same speed. Airplane W is flying 50 m higher than Airplane X. Which statement best describes the energy of the two airplanes?

• Airplane W has a greater kinetic energy than Airplane X.

• The two airplanes have the same gravitational potential energy but different kinetic energies.

• Airplane X has more gravitational potential energy than Airplane W.

• The two airplanes have the same kinetic energy but different gravitational potential energies.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

A student drew the diagram to show the movement of water through a hydroelectric dam. The student used the diagram to describe changes in the potential and kinetic energy of the water. At which location is the gravitational potential energy of the water the greatest?

• Location W

• Location X

• Location Y

• Location Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

In the classroom demonstration shown below, a rubber ball is dropped from Position 1. The ball bounces as shown. At which of these positions does the ball have both the greatest kinetic energy and the least potential energy?

• Position 1

• Position 2

• Position 3

• Position 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which statement describes the energy changes that occur when water in a tea kettle is heated on a stove that uses natural gas?

• Some of the chemical energy in the natural gas transforms into thermal energy, which heats the water. Then some of the thermal energy changes into sound energy when the water forms steam and the steam leaves the kettle.

• Some of the thermal energy in the natural gas transforms into sound energy when the water becomes hot. Then some of the sound energy changes into light energy when the kettle becomes warm.

• Some of the electrical energy in the natural gas transforms into thermal energy, which causes the water to form steam. Then some of the thermal energy changes into sound energy and light energy when the steam leaves the kettle.

• Some of the light energy in the natural gas transforms into chemical energy in the water. Then some of the chemical energy changes into kinetic energy when steam leaves the kettle and into sound energy when the water boils.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A teacher rubbed a match against a piece of sandpaper. The match started to burn. Which statement best describes the energy changes that occurred?

• The chemical energy stored in the match changed to thermal energy and light energy.

• The chemical energy stored in the match changed to light energy and chemical energy.

• The light energy and thermal energy stored in the match changed to mechanical energy.

• The light energy and thermal energy stored in the match changed to chemical energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

When a lion eats a zebra and then uses the energy from the zebra to run, the lion's body converts -

• chemical energy to mechanical energy

• electrical energy to chemical energy

• chemical energy to light energy

• mechanical energy to chemical energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

An energy pyramid is shown. Which sentence best describes how energy flows through this pyramid?

• Energy is transferred down each level of the energy pyramid.

• The energy lost at each level is consumed by organisms in the top level.

• Energy is transferred from organisms in one level to those in the level above.

• The organisms at the bottom level provide energy directly to organisms in all the other levels.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

A marble is given potential energy by being placed at Location W. When the marble is released, it rolls down the track. At which location does the marble have maximum kinetic energy?

• Location W

• Location X

• Location Y

• Location Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5