Logical Inferences

What is the equation for making an inference?

• text clues + predictions

• schema + prior knowledge

• text clues + schema

• your best guess

What is schema?

• Your background or prior knowledge about something

• Evidence from the text

• A shortened version of what you read

• Questions you have about something

Everyday after work, Paul took his muddy boots off on the steps of the front porch. What can you infer about the job Paul might have?

• A doctor

• A teacher

• A construction worker

• A basketball coach

Jim spends most of his time staring at the cement walls. He wishes he would have done things differently. Jim hates the meals he is served. He also hates having to wear the required uniform.

Where is Jim most likely at?

• Prison

• School

• Mall

• Hospital

What logical inference can be made from this sentence: Illegible handwriting does not indicate weakness of character, as even a quick glance at the penmanship of George Washington, Franklin D. Roosevelt, or John Kennedy reveals.

• The author believe Washington, Roosevelt and Kennedy were weak leaders

• Handwriting is an important part of a person

• All presidents have poor handwriting

• Washington, Roosevelt, and Kennedy all had handwriting that was difficult to read.

Turner almost wished that he hadn’t listened to the radio. He went to the closet and grabbed his umbrella. He would feel silly carrying it to the bus stop on such a sunny morning.

• Turner was afraid of falling radio parts

• Turner heard a weather forecast that predicted rain

• Turner was going to trade his umbrella for a bus ticket

• Turner promised himself he would do something silly that morning

I love to go into my sister's room. On her shelf she has shiny trophies—gold and silver, tall and short, skinny and wide. All of the trophies have athletes on top swinging golf clubs. My favorite trophy is one that is as tall as my arm is long. "City Champion 2001" it says on its engraved front. It is beautiful and impressive!

What inference can the reader draw based on the information in the passage?

• The sister is a professional golfer

• The person in the passage is the little sister

• The sister is a very good golfer

• Both girls play golf

It can be inferred that...

• The two people are carrying something

• The people are married

• The person on the left is sad

• The image was taken at night

Is it logical to infer that many people have walked on the sand?

• Yes

• No

Everett held his father's hand as he crossed the busy parking lot. They walked into a grocery store. Everett's dad lifted him into the seat of the shopping cart. “Here,” said dad, “You can hold my shopping list.” What can you infer?

• Everett's father needs help shopping

• It is Everett's first time at a grocery store

• Everett's father does not shop very often

• Everett is very young