Prior Knowledge: What Is Poetry

A haiku is a traditional Japanese poetic form. It consists of three unrhymed lines with specific syllable counts: five syllables in the first line, seven syllables in the second and five in the third. Haikus are often about nature and the seasons.

A sonnet is a 14-line poem with a set rhyme scheme and a particular syllable pattern called iambic pentameter. Different types of sonnets have different rhyme schemes. An English, or Shakespearean, sonnet usually follows the rhyme scheme of: ABABCDCDEFEFGG. The final two lines, a couplet, summarize the main idea of the poem.

According to the passage, one of the differences between haikus and sonnets is

• the number of adjectives used in the poem

• the number of lines in the poems

• the type of writer who composes the poems

• the type of verbs used in the poems

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Tell me, is the rose naked

or is that her only dress?

Why do trees conceal

the splendor of their roots?

Who hears the regrets

of the thieving automobile?

Is there anything in the world sadder

than a train standing in the rain?

How is this poem organized?

• It contains four stanza with two lines each

• It contains two stanzas with four lines each

• It contains 25 lines arranged in one stanza

• It does not contain any stanzas

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Which section of a poem is an example of personification?

• Well, son, I’ll tell you:/ Life for me ain’t been no crystal stair./ It’s had tacks in it,/ And splinters,/ And boards torn up,/ And places with no carpet on the floors/ Bare

• I’d love to take a poem to lunch/ or treat it to a wholesome brunch/ of fresh cut fruit and apple crunch.

• I wandered lonely as a cloud/ That floats on high o'er vales and hills,/ When all at once I saw a crowd,/ A host, of golden daffodils;

• The Moon’s a snowball. See the drifts/ Of white that cross the sphere./ The Moon’s a snowball, melted down/ A dozen times a year.

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The sun does arise,

And make happy the skies.

The merry bells ring

To welcome the Spring.

What is the rhyme scheme in this poem?

• ABAB

• ABAC

• ABBA

• AABB

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The fog comes

on little cat feet.

It sits looking

over harbor and city

on silent haunches

and then moves on.

This poem is an example of free verse in part because

• it refers to an animal.

• it is written in the third person.

• its first line has three syllables.

• it doesn’t follow a specific rhyme scheme.

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Which of the following excerpts includes onomatopoeia?

• Listen my children and you shall hear/ Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere/ On the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-Five:/ Hardly a man is now alive

• Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand.

• Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before

• SHUSHES/ It hushes/ The loudness in the road./ It flitter-twitters,/ And laughs away from me.

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What is true about poetry?

• Poetry is always written in strict form.

• Poets choose words for their meaning and sound.

• Unlike prose, poetry is written in easy to understand language.

• Poets never read their poems aloud.

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Which of the following is not a type of poem?

• a haiku

• a sonnet

• a limerick

• a news article

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True or False: Poems must follow grammatical rules.

• True

• False

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Alliteration, rhyme and onomatopoeia are all examples of

• prose

• sound devices

• image devices

• meters

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