Earth's Surface

Which of the following directly lead to the formation of sedimentary rock?

• heat and pressure

• chemical change and heat

• compaction and cementation

• melting and pressure

Coal was produced in the earth over millions of years. Which of the following is NOT a step in the production of coal?

• Animals died and were covered with sediments

• plants died and were covered by sediments

• heat, pressure, and time change the peat to lignite

• time and pressure changes dead plant material to peat

Certain prehistoric events led to the formation of oil. Which of the following was one of those events?

• giant wind storms destroyed forests

• icebergs melted at the North and South poles

• Microscopic life in the sea died and was buried under sediment

• heavy flooding soaked the earth's crust

Rocks will break down into smaller pieces. What are those pieces called?

• Crust

• Fossils

• Plates

• Sediment

Over long periods of time, fossil fuels form deep underground. Which components are related to the formation of fossil fuels?

• Lava, sand, and decayed animals

• decayed plants, lava, and minerals

• decayed plants and animals and water from oceans

• decayed plants and animals and sedimentary rock

Which of the following statements describes the first step in the formation of sedimentary rocks?

• overlying pressure from rocks and soil reduces the size or volume of sediments

• Weathered material is moved by wind, water, or ice

• exposed rock and other surfaces are broken down by wind, water, ice, or other elements

• weathered and eroded material is deposited by wind, water, or ice

Which of the following statements best explains how petroleum is formed?

• Over millions of years, the fossils of dinosaurs decayed and slowly turned into oil

• oil comes from ancient mud and soil that has been heated in the Earth's crust for millions of years

• oil comes from the heat and pressure that has been applied to dead microscopic plants and ocean animals for millions of years

• large machines extract ancient water from the Earth's crust, and scientists add chemicals that change the water to oil

The table below describes the steps involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks. Which step in the sedimentary rock formation process is know as DEPOSITION?

• step 1

• step 2

• step 3

• step 4

The diagram below shows the processes of sedimentary rock formation. Which processes best fit in the box marked with an x?

• weathering and compaction

• erosion and cementation

• weathering, erosion, and deposition

• melting, cooling, and deposition

The table below describes the steps involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks. Which step in the sedimentary rock formation process is known as WEATHERING?

• Step 1

• Step 2

• Step 3

• Step 4