DNA and Protein Synthesis Review

Which is not something that occurs in translation?

• A codon and an anticodon pair.

• A peptide bond is created.

• A molecule of mRNA is formed.

• An amino acid is added to a polypeptide.

Many different types of mutations can occur within the body. An individual experiences a mutation that changes a base in a mRNA strand, but during translation the mRNA strand still creates the same protein. Which type of mutation is responsible for the change in the mRNA base?

• silent

• missense

• nonsense

• insertion

Which does not occur during translation?

• tRNA pairs with complementary mRNA.

• Met-tRNA binds to the start codon.

• DNA is transcribed into a complementary strand of mRNA.

• A chain of amino acids, linked by peptide bonds, is formed.

Consider the diagram.

Which process is represented?

• nondisjunction

• translocation

• inversion

• insertion

A strand of DNA contains the bases adenine, cytosine, cytosine, and guanine, in that order. Which would be the order of the bases on the opposite strand of DNA?

• cytosine, adenine, adenine, and thymine

• cytosine, thymine, thymine, and adenine

• thymine, guanine, guanine, and cytosine

• thymine, adenine, adenine, and cytosine

Which agent would cause the least damage to a chromosome?

• radiation

• X-rays

• chemicals

• ultrasound

Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod studied Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria by using lab experimentation. What revision to their initial hypothesis did they come up with?

• The lac operon is repressed by allolactose.

• E. coli are unable to process lactose sugar.

• All E. coli operons are always turned on.

• Two operons regulate gene control in E. coli.

The structure of DNA resembles a twisted ladder. Which structural components form the rungs of the ladder?

• deoxyribose sugars

• phosphate groups

• nitrogenous base pairs

• ribosomes

Which is an agent that causes a mutation in DNA or chromosomes?

• nondisjunction

• karyotype

• mutagen

• phenotype

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which step in transcription occurs first?

• mRNA moves the code from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein production.

• A gene is expressed through protein production.

• RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter.

• A repressor protein must attach to the operator.