Hierarchy of the Universe and Big Bang

A scientist studies the light from a distant galaxy. The light from the galaxy shows a shift to longer wavelengths.

What can the scientist conclude about the galaxy?

• The galaxy is orbiting faster than the Milky Way

• The galaxy is moving closer to Earth

• The galaxy is stationary in the universe

• the galaxy is moving farther away from Earth

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

A researcher studies the light emitted by a distant star. The researcher finds that the light received from the star falls slightly closer to the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum when compared to a similar source closer to Earth. The researcher claims that the star is moving away from Earth.

Is the researcher correct?

• No. All hot stars emit red-colored light

• Yes. All moving objects emit red-colored light

• No. The red-colored light emission is due to the composition of the star.

• Yes. Light from any object moving away from Earth shifts to red-colored light.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

A student reads a list of several measurements. Which measurements are used as evidence of the age of the universe?

• 1 and 2

• 2 and 3

• 1, 2, and 3

• 1, 2, and 4

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

• Claim 1; spectral lines can be obtained only from the stars that emit light towards the red end of the spectrum

• Claim 2; large galaxies only produce light that shows spectral lines towards the red end of the spectrum

• Claim 3; galaxies move apart as the universe expands, which shifts the light towards the red end of the spectrum

• Claim 4; the wavelengths of light emitted from cool surfaces are long, which shifts the light towards the red end of the spectrum.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

• Increase the sizes of the cubes, and decrease the lengths of the rods.

• Decrease the sizes of the cubes, and decrease the lengths of the rods.

• Increase the lengths of the rods, and leave the sizes of the cubes the same.

• Increase the sizes of the cubes, and leave the lengths of the rods the same.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-4

Scientists suggest that the universe is still expanding. Which statement supports the claim made by the scientist?

• The universe is 13.7 billion years old.

• The galaxies in the universe are composed of dark matter.

• The universe originated from a hot, dense point.

• The galaxies in the universe are moving away from Earth at high speeds.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Based on the diagram, a student claims that the universe is expanding. Which statement correctly analyzes the claim?

• The claim is correct because the spectral lines shift to the red end of the spectrum when a galaxy spins faster

• The claim is incorrect because the spectral lines in the red end of the spectrum are obtained only from red giant stars in a galaxy.

• The claim is incorrect because the spectral lines in the red end of the spectrum are obtained when the light from a galaxy passes through a nebula.

• The claim is correct because the spectral lines shift to the red end of the spectrum when a galaxy moves away.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

The big bang theory states that the universe _____________________________.

• is contracting

• started as a single mass

• has no beginning

• is constantly forming hydrogen

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

The steady state theory suggested that the universe has always existed and maintains the same structure. This theory was later discredited due to which discovery?

• The amount of hydrogen in the universe is extremely high to remain steady.

• The scale of the universe is much greater than was previously understood.

• The shift of light toward longer wavelengths indicates that most galaxies are moving away from Earth.

• More powerful telescopes have made observations of planets orbiting stars other than the Sun.

Which of these statements is not considered part of the big bang theory?

• The universe is expanding

• The universe never changes.

• The universe began in a hot, dense state.

• The universe began at a single point and time.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2