Science 24 Energy Review

Which of the following is not an ingredient for photosynthesis?

• oxygen

• carbon dioxide

• light energy

• water

Answer explanation

Oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis, not an ingredient. The main ingredients are carbon dioxide, water, and light energy, which plants use to produce glucose and oxygen.

Cellular respiration occurs in the _________ of the cell.

Answer explanation

Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of the cell, which are the organelles responsible for producing energy. While 'organelles' is a broader term, 'mitochondria' specifically refers to the site of respiration.

The process opposite to cellular respiration is ________________.

Answer explanation

The process opposite to cellular respiration is photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight, while cellular respiration breaks down glucose to release energy.

The maintaining of your body in a steady state is called

• metabolism

• homeostasis

• cellular respiration

• mitosis

Answer explanation

Homeostasis is the process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment despite external changes. It is crucial for survival, regulating factors like temperature and pH, unlike metabolism or cellular respiration.

A strategy your body has for maintaining its temperature despite the chill of a cold day is

• perspiring

• shivering

• distributing more blood to the limbs form the core

• dilating blood vessels near the skin's surface

Answer explanation

Shivering is a response to cold that generates heat through muscle contractions, helping to maintain body temperature. The other options, like perspiring and dilating blood vessels, are more related to cooling the body.

When a person engages in vigorous exercise, his or her metabolism

• stays the same

• decreases

• increases

• is impossible to say, depending on the person

Answer explanation

When a person engages in vigorous exercise, their body requires more energy, leading to an increase in metabolism. This heightened metabolic rate helps to burn calories and support physical activity, making 'increases' the correct choice.

When a person consumes less food than is required to meet body needs, glycogen is converted into

• protein

• fat

• starch

• glucose

Answer explanation

When food intake is insufficient, the body breaks down glycogen stored in the liver into glucose. This process provides the necessary energy to meet bodily needs, making glucose the correct answer.

Your body need fat for good health but dietitians recommend that to reduce the risk of heart disease, you should replace __________ fats with unsaturated fats.

Answer explanation

Dietitians recommend replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats to lower heart disease risk. Saturated fats are typically found in animal products and can raise cholesterol levels, while unsaturated fats are healthier options.

A city mail carrier resigns and trains as an office receptionist. This person's metabolism is likely to

• increase

• decrease

• remain the same

• change, but impossible to say how

Answer explanation

The mail carrier's job involves physical activity, which boosts metabolism. Transitioning to a receptionist role is typically more sedentary, likely leading to a decrease in metabolism due to reduced physical exertion.

Check the boxes on all the factors that would affect a person's metabolism (according to your textbook **hint there are 3 correct answers)

• age

• blood type

• gender

• level of fitness

• amount of exercise

Answer explanation

Metabolism is influenced by age, level of fitness, and amount of exercise. Age affects metabolic rate, while fitness level and exercise increase energy expenditure, making these three factors crucial.