Start of how compounds dissolve (2nd lesson)

Match the definitions with the correct term. (Unit 1 Chemistry)

• Polar

• A molecule has an uneven distribution of charge, meaning one end of the molecule is slightly positive, and the other end is slightly negative.

• Intermolecular Forces

• the weak forces of attraction between molecules.

• Molecule

• A substance made up of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together in fixed proportions.

• Dissolve

•  disperse a substance (solute) evenly within another substance (solvent) to form a solution.

• Compound

• a group of two or more atoms covalently bonded together, forming a distinct particle. Molecules can consist of the same or different atom

Water (H₂O) is...

• Polar

• Non-polar

• A molecule

• A compound

• Soluble in water

Oxygen (O₂) is...

• Polar

• Non-polar

• A molecule

• A compound

Sodium chloride (NaCl) is...

• A molecule

• A compound

• Soluble in water

Molecular substances consist of atoms bonded together through (a)   , where electrons are ​ (b)   between atoms. The covalent bonds within the molecule are ​ (c)   ; however, the forces of attraction between separate molecules ( (d)   ) are ​ (e)   .

• covalent bonds
• intermolecular forces
• shared
• strong
• weak
• donated

Types of intermolecular forces include:
○ dispersion forces (​ (a)   , in ​ (b)   molecules).
○ Dipole-dipole forces (in ​ (c)   molecules)

○ Hydrogen bonding (​ (d)   , in​ (e)   molecules like H₂O and NH₃).

• donated
• non-polar
• weakest
• polar
• strongest
• specific polar
• ionic
• metallic

Ionic substances are made up of ​ (a)   charged ions (cations) and ​ (b)   charged ions (anions) held together by strong ​ (c)   called ionic bonds. These forces create a giant ionic ​ (d)   that is highly stable and has a repeating arrangement of ions.

• positively
• negatively
• electrostatic forces
• lattice structure
• sharing of electrons
• molecule

The 'like dissolves like' rule states that substances with similar types of ​ (a)   are likely to ​ (b)   in each other: • Polar solvents (e.g., water) dissolve ​ (c)   Non-polar solvents (e.g., hexane) dissolve ​ (d)  

• intermolecular forces
• intramolecular bonding
• dissolve
• polar solutes
• non-polar solutes