Kyle wanted to see which gum had the most sugar. He chose four different brands of gum. He weighed each piece. Then, he chewed each piece for 10 minutes. After that, he let the gum dry and weighed it again. He recorded his data in the table. What is the independent variable in Kyle's experiment?

the change in weight of the gum

The students in Ms. Alvarez's science class wanted to find out which brand of paper towels was the most absorbent. They selected three brands and labeled them W, X, and Y. They made sure all the sheets of paper to be tested were the same size. They poured water in three flat pans and used each sheet to absorb water for two minutes. After two minutes, they measured the amount of water that remained in the pan. Their results are shown in the table. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

the amount of water absorbed by each towel

the amount of water remaining in each pan

Which of the following is NOT an example of a source of error when following a set of instructions for a scientific investigation?

using a different graduated cylinder than instructed

using a different chemical than instructed

heating a substance for longer than instructed

adding more liquid to a solution than instructed

A meteorologist has a theory about how humidity affects the jet stream during the summer. What would be the fastest way for the researcher to conduct initial tests of the theory?

manipulating the variables in an existing computer model of the jet stream

traveling to different areas of the country to see how the jet stream changes

building a physical model with varying humidity levels to test the theory

measuring the humidity changes and jet stream changes over several summers

The image below shows a simple model of an event that is part of the rock cycle. Which type of event is most likely occurring in the pictures?

the compacting of layers by high pressure and heat that leads to metamorphic rock

the cementing of layers of sediment particles that leads to sedimentary rock

the melting of sediment particles that leads to igneous rock

the hardening of liquid magma that leads to igneous rock

The picture below shows a simple model of the rock cycle. Use the picture to answer any questions that follow. Which processes at point 1 can transform sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock?

high pressures and temperatures

The picture below shows a simple model of the rock cycle. Use the picture to answer any questions that follow. Which events at point 6 could transform sedimentary rock into igneous rock?

Tectonic plates drive sedimentary rock under Earth's surface, where it melts into magma and turns into igneous rock.

Extreme winds and storms weather the sedimentary rock into particles, which collect in rivers and are compacted into igneous rock.

Rising oceans erode mountains of sedimentary rock into particles, which sink and get compacted into layers that form igneous rock.

Shifting tectonic plates push the sedimentary rock toward the poles, where it freezes and hardens into igneous rock.

The timeline below shows historical changes that occurred in the Sahara, an area of North Africa that is currently a desert. What does this timeline suggest about Earth?

It suggests that Earth has changed over time, since human fossils became present in the Sahara after 9,000 years, indicating that the environment had once been suitable for human life.

It suggests that Earth has changed very little over time, since human fossils were present as early as 9,000 years ago, indicating that the Sahara has always been suitable human life.

It suggests that one of the only areas on Earth that is able to preserve fossils wells is in an arid desert environment.

It suggests that all of Earth's deserts have typically received monsoon rains in 1,000-year cycles.

Read the passage "Wegener's Observations" and answer the following question: Which scientific theory was supported by this evidence?

the continental drift theory, which states that all of the continents were once joined together and drifted apart to their current locations

the expanding Earth theory, which states that the position and movement of continents is dependent on the volume of the planet increasing

the big bang theory, which states that at one point the universe was one confined to a single point but expanded rapidly

the theory of spontaneous generation, which states that matter can form on its own and appear anywhere

In the deepest portions of the ocean, there is no sunlight for plants to make energy. Instead, many of the organisms there live near thermal vents which spew mineral-rich material into the ocean. What causes these thermal vents to erupt from the ocean floor?

The water over thin spots in the ocean crust gets heated by the magma in the mantle, causing it to boil and explode.

Energy from the Sun conducts into the water under the ocean crust, causing it to boil and explode from many tiny cracks.

The cold temperature of the deep ocean water mixes with magma-heated water and creates holes in the ocean crust.

The movement of the mantle creates cracks in the ocean crust through which magma-heated water escapes.

What theory explains the main cause of mountain building, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions on Earth?

the scientific theory of plate tectonics

the scientific theory of magnetism

the scientific theory of Earth's shift

the scientific theory of Earth's layers

Which sequence correctly lists the astronomical bodies in order of size, from smallest to largest?

the solar system, the Milky Way galaxy, our universe

the solar system, our universe, the Milky Way galaxy

the Milky Way galaxy, our universe, the solar system

the Milky Way galaxy, the solar system, our universe

How does the distance between Earth and the Sun compare to the distance between Earth and the Moon?

Earth is much farther away from the Sun than it is from the Moon.

Earth is about the same distance away from both the Moon and the Sun.

Earth is slightly farther away from the Moon than it is from the Sun.

Earth is much farther away from the Moon than it is from the Sun.

There are billions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy that are the same size as the Sun. Based on this information, why does the Sun appear to be the largest star from Earth?

The Sun is the closest star to Earth.

The other stars are not as bright as the Sun.

The other stars are not as old as the Sun.

The Sun is the farthest star from Earth.

What is the primary reason Earth can support life?

Earth is the perfect distance from the Sun for moderate temperatures.

Earth is the only planet with liquid water on its surface.

Earth has a protective magnetic field.

Earth has a thick atmosphere that traps heat.

What is responsible for keeping the Moon's orbit regular?

the force of gravity exerted on the Moon by Earth

the nuclear energy exerted on the Moon from Earth

the thermal energy exerted on the Moon from Earth

the electromagnetic force exerted on the Moon by Earth

The picture below shows a club hitting a golf ball. Why does the golf ball move when the club strikes it?

Contact with the club creates an unbalanced force affecting the ball.

Contact with the ball creates an unbalanced force affecting the club.

Contact with the club releases the ball's kinetic energy.

Contact with the ball releases the club's potential energy.

Rochelle dives into a full swimming pool from a 1-meter-high diving board. Which forces are acting on Rochelle as she hits the water?

The force of gravity pulls her downward, while the buoyant force of the water pushes her upward.

The force of friction pulls her downward, while the normal force of the water pushes her upward.

The buoyant force of the water pulls her downward, while the force of gravity pushes her upward.

The normal force of the water pulls her downward, while the force of friction pushes her upward.

How do human eyes see color?

The human eye sees the wavelength of light that is reflected by an object, and each color of light is a separate wavelength.

The human eye sees all wavelengths of light that are reflected by an object, and all colors are the same wavelength of light.

The human eye sees the wavelength of light that is absorbed by an object, and each color of light is a separate wavelength.

The human eye sees all wavelengths of light that are absorbed by an object, and all colors are the same wavelength of light.

In the diagram above, there is only one straw in the cup of water. Which of the following BEST explains the reason that there appears to be two straws?

Light is refracted differently in air than it is in water.

The water actually bends the straw a little bit.

Water is more dense than air and gives the illusion that the straw is bent.

Receptors in the eye process light differently when it has passed through water.

A blow dryer can be plugged into a socket and used to dry hair that is wet. What kind of energy change occurs?

Electrical energy is being transformed into thermal energy.

Mechanical energy is being transformed into thermal energy.

Sound energy is being transformed into electrical energy.

Magnetic energy is being transformed into wind energy.

Mr. Mothra likes to collect river rocks on his daily walks. One chilly morning, he picks up a beautiful piece of rock near the bank of the river, and places it in his pocket. If the river rock is a brisk 10°C, and Mr. Mothra has a body temperature of 37°C, which of the following best describes the immediate transfer of energy taking place in Mr. Mothra's pocket?

Thermal energy will flow from Mr. Mothra to the rock.

Thermal energy will flow from the rock to Mr. Mothra.

Thermal energy will only flow from Mr. Mothra directly into the air.

Thermal energy will only flow into the air, and not to Mr. Mothra.

The element iron (Fe) is a metal, and the element chlorine (Cl) is a nonmetal. Based on the physical properties of metals and nonmetals, which of the following is true?

Iron is ductile, while chlorine is not.

Chlorine is more metallic than iron.

Chlorine is a better conductor than iron.

Iron is brittle, while chlorine is not.

How are compounds formed?

Compounds are formed when atoms from two or more elements chemically bond.

Compounds are formed two elements in the same state come into contact.

Compounds are formed when pure elements are broken down into their basic parts.

Compounds are formed when two or more atoms from the same element physically bond.

Mary Lou made several observations while she conducted her science experiment. The observations are listed in the box. Mary Lou's Observations - bubbles released - yucky odor given off - color change produced - precipitate produced Which statement best explains Mary Lou's observations?

B. A chemical reaction took place.

A. A physical reaction took place.

C. An exothermic reaction took place.

D. An endothermic reaction took place.

All life depends on the availability of usable energy. When is this energy released?

B. when animal cells carry out the process of respiration

A. when plants carry out the process of transpiration

C. when plants convert solar energy into chemical energy

D. when animal cells synthesize starch and carbon dioxide

Coral reefs are made of living colonies of coral. The coral build the reef by producing a solid, calcium carbonate, usually at the rate of several millimeters a year. Many plants and animals make their home within the coral: eating one another, reproducing, and producing substances to maintain a number of interlinked lifestyles. What is the ultimate outcome of these interactions?

C. the continuous transfer of matter and energy in and around the reef

A. the continuous gain in matter and energy of the reef

B. the continuous loss of matter and energy from the reef

D. the continuous exchange of matter and energy between the reef and the ocean floor

All living organisms contain carbon. As organisms grow, they require large quantities of carbon to carry out life processes and make new cells. Where is the source of most of Earth's available carbon?

A. Carbon is constantly recycled from dead organisms back into the environment.

B. New carbon atoms are constantly being created by the process of photosynthesis.

C. Carbon atoms are constantly transferred from the Sun to Earth along with sunlight.

D. Carbon is constantly transported from the mantle to the crust by volcanic eruptions.

Two sisters are born from a father who has blue eyes and a mother who has brown eyes. One sister has blue eyes, and the other sister has brown eyes. Which of the following best explains this difference in eye color?

A. Each sister inherited a different combination of alleles from their parents that determined their eye color.

B. The environment caused the alleles to be expressed in different ways, making the sisters' eye colors different.

C. One of the sisters inherited all of her alleles from the mother, and the other sister inherited only from the father.

D. The sister with the blue eyes had only one allele for determining eye color, and the sister with brown eyes had two.

The picture shows the change that occurred in an insect population over 10 generations. The most likely explanation for this change is that over time there was

an increase in the need for spots on the wings.

a decrease in the need for spots on the wings.

an increase in the need for insects with longer legs.

a decrease in the need for insects with longer legs.

Which of these best demonstrates natural selection?

A population of flowers takes over a certain area because they attract the most bees for pollination.

The pelvic bones in snakes have grown smaller because they do not have legs.

The human appendix has shrunk in size over time because it is not used.

A population of mice grows increasingly larger because the predators moved away from the area.

Which of the following is NOT a reason why scientists classify organisms?

so that scientists can tell the order in which the organisms were discovered

so that scientists all over the world can talk about organisms with a common language

so that scientists can organize all the different types of organisms to study them better

so that scientists can more easily identify new organisms that are discovered

The pictures below show three organisms that Yolanda found outside. Use the pictures to answer any questions that follow. Do these organisms share the same domain?

Yes, they are all in the same domain because their cells possess nuclei.

No, only the orange and snake are in the same domain because mushrooms cannot photosynthesize.

No, only the mushroom and orange are in the same domain because their cells have cell walls.

Yes, they are all in the same domain because they are prokaryotic.

Which type of cell does the picture show?

An animal cell, because it does not have chloroplasts or a cell wall

A plant cell, because it contains a cell membrane and mitochondria

An animal cell, because it does not have vacuoles or mitochondria

A plant cell, because it contains cytoplasm and vacuoles

Which organelle is located at U?

The nucleus, the control center in animal and plant cells

A vacuole, a water storage center in animal and plant cells

A vacuole, a water storage center found only in animal cells

The mitochondrion, the control center found only in plant cells

Practice NGGSS Assessment

Authored by Francisco Hidalgo

Science

8th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 35+ times

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55 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What happens to scientific knowledge over time?

It is always proven wrong when scientists test old experiments with new technology.

It becomes accepted or modified with repeated observations and new evidence.

It changes completely every time new evidence is found.

It is lost if it is not tested and observed frequently.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Why has scientific knowledge become more accurate over time?

because scientists do not investigate ideas that are not completely figured out, and few mistakes are made

because scientists only study brand-new ideas, and their accuracy has not been challenged yet

because scientists start with a base of knowledge and keep modifying it based on evidence

because scientists now know everything about phenomena that occur in nature

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which statement best describes how scientific knowledge is durable?

Ideas are only valid with empirical evidence and controlled experiments.

Theories can be improved or modified as new information is discovered.

Scientists' opinions do not influence their research.

Knowledge is never challenged or proven false.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is happening at step 2?

The scientist is repeating the experiment by changing the variables in the experiment.

The scientist is replicating the experiment by changing the variables in the experiment.

The scientist is repeating the experiment with multiple trials to make sure the data is precise.

The scientist is replicating the experiment with multiple trials to make sure the data is accurate.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Read the passage "Do Metals React With Nonmetals?" What did Trisha do in her experiment?

She replicated an experiment by performing an experiment by another scientist, but she repeated the experiment by doing it six times.

She replicated an experiment by doing it six times, but she repeated the experiment by using methods used by another scientist.

She only repeated her experiment of reacting a metal with a nonmetal six times to confirm her results.

She only replicated her own experiment by doing an experiment done by another scientist.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Before they begin pursing a scientific explanation, what is the first thing that all individuals in various fields of science do?

They share their idea with fellow scientists for support.

They identify and develop a question that they can test.

They make sure no one has investigated the explanation before.

They create and design an experiment that will control a variable.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which statement is correct about scientific laws in comparison to scientific theories?

Scientific laws are often changed, while scientific theories are rarely modified or revised when new evidence is found.

Scientific laws are only about aspects in the biological sciences, while scientific theories are only about aspects of the physical sciences.

Scientific laws are only about aspects in the physical sciences, while scientific theories are only about aspects of the biological sciences.

Scientific laws are rarely changed, while theories are more frequently modified as new experiments are completed and new evidence is found.

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Practice NGGSS Assessment

What happens to scientific knowledge over time?

Why has scientific knowledge become more accurate over time?

Which statement best describes how scientific knowledge is durable?

What is happening at step 2?

Read the passage "Do Metals React With Nonmetals?" What did Trisha do in her experiment?

Before they begin pursing a scientific explanation, what is the first thing that all individuals in various fields of science do?

Which statement is correct about scientific laws in comparison to scientific theories?

The box below shows some of the steps a scientist takes in the pursuit of scientific knowledge. - Step W: Create a hypothesis - Step X: Create and perform an experiment - Step Y: Use empirical evidence - Step Z: Make observations Which of these steps do scientists in all fields perform?

Kyle wanted to see which gum had the most sugar. He chose four different brands of gum. He weighed each piece. Then, he chewed each piece for 10 minutes. After that, he let the gum dry and weighed it again. He recorded his data in the table. What is the independent variable in Kyle's experiment?

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