Atomic Structure Basics

A row of 100 million atoms of a single type would be only about 1 centimeter (cm) long. What occupies most of this space?

• Electrons

• Nuclei

• Empty Space

• Water

7. A student is asked to build a model of an atom with 6 protons and 6 electrons. The student is then asked to make an identical model of the same atom but make it an ion. To be successful in this project, the student will:

• Put six protons in the center of the atom and distribute the electrons around the protons. The ion will look the same but have seven or five electrons.

• Place electrons and protons in the center of the atom and create an ion by adding one more proton and one more electron to the center of the atom.

• Put six protons in the center of the model, and six electrons around the outside, then add one electron or take away one electron to make an ion.

• Put the electrons in the middle of the model and distribute the electrons around the protons. The ion will have seven protons.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1

In what states of matter are the atoms constantly moving in a substance or material?

• Liquids only

• Gases only

• Gases and liquids only

• Gases, liquids, and solids

An atom of vanadium (V) has 23 protons and 28 neutrons. How many electrons does a neutrally charged atom of vanadium have?

• 23

• 28

• 5

• 51

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

An atom is made up of subatomic particles and has an overall neutral charge. Which two subatomic particles must be equal for the atom to have the overall neutral charge?

• Neutrons and electrons

• Protons and neutrons

• Protons and electrons

• Nucleons and protons

Inez is making a model of a sugar crystal. She wants her model to show how the sugar molecules move in the crystal. She is using plastic foam balls to represent the sugar molecules. How should she put the plastic foam balls together to make her model?

• Place a few of them in a plastic bag

• Connect them with stiff springs

• Fill a clear cube with them

• Glue them together

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Why is the mass of an atom’s electrons not included in the atom’s mass number?

• The electrons move so fast that their mass cannot be measured

• The electrons’ negative charge cancels out their masses

• The electrons are much less massive than the rest of the atom

• The electrons’ mass is represented in the atomic number

The atom is one of the basic units of matter. Which part of the atom mostly determines the size of the atom?

• Electrons

• Protons

• Nucleus

• Neutrons

Clara tests a hypothesis that the heavier of the two materials will insulate cold drinks better than the lighter-weight material. She adds equal volumes of the same cold beverage to two cups. One cup is made of lightweight plastic foam, and the other cup is made of a heavier, ceramic material. She records her results in a chart.

How are these experimental results valuable to Clara?

• The results explain why the materials perform differently

• Clara can use the results to form a new hypothesis and plan a new experiment

• The results can be communicated with others through newspapers, magazines, and the Internet to increase the validity of her results

• Clara can use a different heavier material to see if she obtains different results

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Marcus wants to use two objects to compare the sizes of a proton and an electron. If he uses a basketball for a proton, which object would best represent an electron?

• A soccer ball

• A bowling ball

• A pea

• A beach ball