Newton's Second Law STAAR Practice

The local race track has invited students to visit and see the races. Students are excited to see the cars accelerate and predict which cars will win. Two vehicles are next to race. Car 1 has a mass of 1540 kg and Car 2 has a mass of 1428 kg. They both leave the starting line with an acceleration of 90 m/s² . Which car is moving with a greater net force, and what is that car's net force?

• Car 1, 138600 N

• Car 2, 138600 N

• Car 1, 17.1 N

• Car 2, 17.1 N

Tags

112.20.b.6.C

Michael is riding a 4 kg bike and pushes on the pedals with a net force of 80 N. What is the approximate acceleration of the bike? Enter the correct answer in the box. Do not include units in the answer.

Mathematical Equivalence

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112.20.b.6.C

A turtle is swimming in a stream and pushing on the water with a force of 25 newtons. The current of the stream is pushing back on the turtle with a force of 10 newtons. Which of the following statements accurately describe how the motion of the turtle would be impacted if the resisting force of the stream was increased to a force of 15 newtons?

Select TWO correct answers.

• The direction the turtle is traveling would change.

• The speed of the turtle would decrease.

• The speed of the turtle would increase.

• The turtle would need to apply less force to maintain its original acceleration.

• The turtle would need to apply more force to maintain its original acceleration.

Answer explanation

The original net force is 15 N upstream. The increasing current brings the net force down to 10 N upstream, but that means the turtle is still accelerating and getting faster.

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112.20.b.6.C

In an investigation over force, mass, and acceleration, five different students lined up behind five different objects. Each student pushed their assigned object with the same amount of force as the other students. The distance traveled by each object is listed in the table.

Based on the data displayed in the table, which of the following conclusions can be made concerning the objects involved in the investigation?

Select TWO correct answers.

• Object 3 had the greatest mass.

• All of the objects were made of different material.

• Object 4 had the greatest mass

• Object 4 had the least mass.

• Objects 1, 3, and 5 were made of different material than Objects 2 and 4.

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112.20.b.6.C

A roller coaster containing four cars is accelerating at 15 m/s2 before it comes to an abrupt stop at the end of the ride. The mass of one car is 200 kg. How much force was exerted on the roller coaster to bring it to a stop?

Enter the number with no units.

Mathematical Equivalence

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112.20.b.6.C

In order to ride a bike up a hill with increasing speed—

• the rider’s pedal force must be less than friction and the force of gravity

• the rider’s pedal force must be equal to than friction and the force of gravity

• the rider’s pedal force must be greater than friction and the force of gravity

• It is impossible to ride up a hill with increasing speed.

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112.20.b.6.C

Two trains are traveling down a track. Train A has more mass than Train B. What will happen when the two trains attempt to stop with the same force at the Train Station?

• The train with the smaller mass will require less time to stop than the train with the larger mass.

• The train with the larger mass will have less inertia than the train with the smaller mass.

• The train with the larger mass will require less time to stop than the train with the smaller mass.

• The train with the smaller mass will take longer to stop than the train with the larger mass.

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112.20.b.6.C

According to Newton’s second law of motion, the relationship between an object's mass (m), its acceleration (a), and the applied force (F) is F = ma. How does this law apply to the sport of bowling?

• When the pins are correctly aligned, their mass and acceleration will keep the ball from going into the gutter.

• When the bowling ball is rolling down the lane, the mass of the ball on the floor makes the pins become unstable, allowing the acceleration of the ball to knock down the pins.

• When the bowling ball is rolled with a force, this accelerates the ball. That acceleration, when combined with the mass of the ball, produces a force that knocks down the pins

• When the bowling ball hits the pins, the ball has a mass, so it will exert acceleration on the pins and knock them down.

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112.20.b.6.C

Compare the acceleration of a large truck to the acceleration of a small car if the same force was applied to each.

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112.20.b.6.C