Ecosystem Changes and Effects on Biodiversity

Scientists think people have directly caused the extinction of some species through ______________.

• habitat destruction
• poaching
• pollution
• All of these

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The major cause of extinction is ____________________.

• habitat fragmentation
• habitat destruction
• pollution
• poaching

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Which of the following is likely to be affected by a growing human population?

• amount of land for agriculture (farming)

• amount of clean water

• amount of air pollution

• all of the above

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Which statement best summarizes the effect of human population growth on other species?

• The effect is always positive; other species thrive when humans do.
• The effect is mostly positive; most other species thrive when humans do.
• The effect is always negative; wherever there are humans, other species suffer.
• The effect is mostly negative; fewer resources are available for most other species when human populations grow.

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Humans' need for more space leads to

• creation of nonrenewable resources

• population growth

• lack of fresh water

• destruction of habitats

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In some communities, forests are cleared through burning, and the deforested land is used for farming. Which of these is a negative consequence of this practice?

• Less sunlight reaching the ground

• Increased availability of soil nutrients

• Decreased plant and animal diversity

• Greater access to water for plants and animals

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Deer are introduced into a grassland ecosystem and their population increases considerably. If the deer population continues to grow, which is the MOST likely outcome for the ecosystem?

• Biodiversity would increase, and sustainability would decrease

• Biodiversity would increase, and sustainability would increase

• Biodiversity would decrease, and sustainability would increase

• Biodiversity would decrease, and sustainability would decrease

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Which of these is a threat to the survival of an ecosystem?

• Competition among some consumer populations

• Less biomass at higher levels of the food web

• A shrinking variety of animal and plant species

• Predator-prey population cycles

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Why is a reduction in biodiversity due to loss of plant populations especially destructive to an ecosystem?

• Plants are primary producers

• Plans have the most biomass

• Plants are resistant to disease

• Plants are part of the food web

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Which of these explains why an

ecosystem is healthy when it has a variety of species?

• An increased number of species allows for fewer food chains

• A larger number of species reduces competition for abiotic resources

• An increased number of species contributes to greater chances for adaptability

• A larger number of species allows for greater diversity in interdependence

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