Q12 Population Genetics

What is natural selection?

• When reproduction occurs and mutations happen.

• When an offspring receives the traits from its parents.

• When organisms adapt to the environment, survive and reproduce more offspring.

Part of mangrove habitat was affected by chemicals. Most of the fish died but some fish survived and reproduced.

• Chemicals cause mutations that are passed on to the next generation.

• Species will adapt no matter what happened to the environment.

• Individuals with favorable traits survive and reproduce.

Genetic drift is a change in the allele frequency of a population due to

• Selective breeding

• Random events

• Natural selection

Where the better-adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.

• Natural selection

• Selective breeding

• Evolution

All starfish of the same species living in a particular area would be an example of

• species

• population

• community

Survival of the Fittest and Evolution was proposed by

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

• Carl Woese

Gene flow is

• exchange of genes during recombination

• movement of genes within a population because of interbreeding

• movement of genes from one population to another

Which of the following is an example of gene flow?

• A hurricane greatly reduces the size of a turtle population, causing allele frequencies within the population to change.

• A sea anemone egg floats from the area inhabited by one population to the area inhabited by another sea anemone population, where it is fertilized.

• Genotype frequencies in a population of sea cucumbers fluctuate over time due to random occurrences.

Tall kelp has a distinct advantage over shorter kelp in receiving needed sunlight in the ocean environment

• directional selection

• disruptive selection

• stabilizing selection

Which of these is a condition that must be met for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

• extremely small population size

• no natural selection

• gene flow