Motion Graphs and Newton's Laws

Why do the values on the graph form a straight line?

• The speed is constant

• The distance remains unchanged.

• The direction of motion stays the same.

• The speed gradually increases over time.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Which of the following can be inferred from the graph?

• The object is experiencing acceleration.

• The object is moving along a curved path.

• The object has a negative acceleration.

• The object moves at a constant speed.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Which graph BEST represents the motion of an object that was initially at rest and is accelerating uniformly?

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Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

Which table correctly describes the object's motion during each interval of time?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Which graph correctly shows the distance and time traveled by the race car?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

The diagram shows 2 boxes with forces being applied to them. In the diagram, force (F) is shown in newtons (N), acceleration (a) is shown in meters/second² (m/s²), and the mass is shown in grams (g).

Which statement is supported by the diagram?

• As the mass of an object increases, the force required for it accelerate decreases.

• As the mass of an object decreases, the force required for to accelerate increases.

• Heavier objects require more force than lighter objects to accelerate at the same rate.

• Heavier objects require less force than lighter objects to accelerate at the same rate.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

A student is investigating acceleration using balls with different masses. The student pushes each ball on a flat surface and records its acceleration. The table shows his observations.

Which claim can the student make using his observations?

• A ball with a mass of 5 kg will have an acceleration that is less than 3.3 m/s²  when pushed with a force of 50 N.

  A ball with a mass of 5 kg will have an acceleration that is greater than 3.3 m/s² because mass is inversely proportional to acceleration.

• A ball with a mass of 10 kg will have an acceleration that is greater than 2.5 m/s² when pushed with a force of 50 N.

  The 20 kg ball has an acceleration of 2.5 m/s², so a ball with a lower mass will have a greater acceleration because mass is inversely proportional to acceleration.

• A ball with a mass of 25 kg will have an acceleration that is less than 1.7 m/s² when pushed with a force of 50 N.

  The 30 kg ball has an acceleration of 1.7 m/s², so a ball that has a lower mass will have a greater acceleration because mass is inversely proportional to acceleration.

• A ball with a mass of 40 kg will have an acceleration that is greater than 1.4 m/s² when pushed with a force of 50 N.

  The ball that is 35 kg has an acceleration of 1.4 m/s², so a ball with a greater mass will have decreased acceleration because mass is inversely proportional to acceleration.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

A student moves four boxes along a frictionless surface. The table shows the student's data.

The student claims that the force required to move each box the same distance is proportional to the mass of each box. Which argument BEST supports the student's claim?

• The box with the lowest mass requires the most force to move the same distance.

• The box with the highest mass requires the most force to move the same distance.

• The box with the lowest acceleration requires the most force to move the same distance.

• The box with the highest acceleration requires the most force to move the same distance.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A student is investigating inertia using four boxes of different masses. The student pushes each box across a flat surface with the same amount of force. The student records her observations in the table shown.

The student claims that the mass of the boxes affects inertia. Which argument can the student make using the data in the table?

• Box A travels the farthest because it has the most inertia.

  Box A has the least amount of inertia because it has the lowest mass.

• Box B travels less than Box C because it has more inertia.

  Box A has the smallest mass which means that it has less inertia and requires less force to move it.

• Box C travels more than Box B because it has more inertia.

  Box C has a lower mass than Box B which would cause it to have less inertia.

• Box D travels the least because it has the lowest amount of inertia.

  Box D has the highest amount of inertia because it has the largest mass.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A student performs two investigations of force and acceleration. In the first investigation, she pushes objects with different masses using the same amount of force. In the second investigation, the student pushes objects with the same masses using different amounts of force. The result of both investigations are shown.

Which claim and argument can the student make using her data?

• Claim: With a constant force, the acceleration of the objects is proportional to the mass of the objects. Evidence: The acceleration of the objects increases as the masses of the objects increase. 

  Investigation 1 provides evidence that the acceleration of the objects decreases, not increases, as the mass of the objects increase. Mass is inversely proportional to the acceleration of objects. Investigation 1 does not show a proportional relationship.

• Claim: With a constant force, the acceleration of the objects is proportional to the mass of the objects. Evidence: The acceleration of the objects decreases as the masses of the objects decrease.

  Investigation 1 provides evidence that the acceleration of the objects increases as the masses of the objects decrease. Mass is inversely proportional to the acceleration of objects. Investigation 1 does not show a proportional relationship.

• Claim: With a constant mass, the amount of force applied to the objects is proportional to their acceleration.  Evidence: As the force on the objects increases, the acceleration of the objects increases. 

  Investigation 2 provides evidence that objects of the same mass have greater acceleration as more force is applied to them. Investigation 2 shows a proportional relationship.

• Claim: With a constant mass, the amount of force applied to the objects is proportional to their acceleration.  Evidence: As the force on the objects increases, the acceleration of the objects decreases. 

  Investigation 2 shows that objects have increased, not decreased, acceleration as more force is applied to them.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2