Cell Compartmentalization

Membrane-bound organelles have been an

important component in the evolution of complex,

multicellular organisms. Which of the following

best summarizes an advantage of eukaryotic cells

having internal membranes?

• Eukaryotic cells are able to reproduce faster because of the presence of organelles.

• Some organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, are similar to prokaryotic cells in structure.

• Organelles isolate specific reactions, increasing metabolic efficiency.

• Compartmentalization leads to a higher mutation rate in DNA, which leads to more new species.

Which of the following observations best supports the claim that mitochondria evolved from once-free-living prokaryotic cells by the process of endocytosis?

• Mitochondria produce ATP

• Mitochondria contain proteins

• Mitochondria exchange substances with the cytosol.

• Mitochondria are surrounded by a double membrane.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

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Since eukaryotic cells are big, how do they get nutrients to the center efficiently?

• compartmentalization

• specialization

• They have your mom in there to help them

• Cell cycle control

_____ and _____ are organelles that arose from endosymbiosis

• nucleus and cell membrane

• mitochondria and chloroplasts

• cell wall and chloroplasts

• mitochondria and nucleus

Which type of cell does NOT contain membrane-bound organelles?

• plant cells

• animal cells

• prokaryotic cells

• eukaryotic cells

The theory of Endosymbiosis explains

• The origin of eukaryotes

• How bacteria live

• How species develop

• Why cells rely on one another

What are evidence to support endosymbiotic theory? Choose all that apply.

• Mitochondria is found outside the cells

• Mitochondria and chloroplast can divide independently

• Mitochondria and chloroplast have a double membrane

• Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own genetic material

Which of the following characteristics make mitochondria and chloroplasts different from other organelles?

• They are much bigger

• The are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

• They both make ATP

• They were once free-living prokaryotes

Which of the following is evidence to support the endosymbiotic theory?

• Prokaryotes have the same number and types of enzymes as eukaryotes.

• Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, which is similar to prokaryotic DNA.

• All eukaryotic cells have a double-layered membrane composed of phosplipids and proteins.

• Fossil evidence shows that the first forms of life were prokaryotic cells.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

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Mitochondria and Chloroplasts have their own DNA which means they can divide themselves. True or False?

• True

• False