Sedimentary Rocks and Land Formations

Several layers of sedimentary rock are illustrated. They are in the same order as when they first formed. Which layer formed first?

• Rock Layer W

• Rock Layer X

• Rock Layer Y

• Rock Layer Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which of the following is a process that creates the sediments that form sedimentary rock?

• Wind, water, and ice breaking rock into smaller pieces

• Heat from the earth melting rock below the surface

• Volcanoes putting out lava that cools to form new rock

• Continents pushing together to fold layers of rock

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which of the following correctly completes the Sedimentary Rock Cycle?

• A = Compaction, B = Erosion, C = Cementation

• A = Erosion, B = Compaction, C = Cementation

• A = Cementation, B = Compaction, C = Erosion

• A = Erosion, B = Cementation, C = Compaction

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which of the following describes the formation of sedimentary rocks in the correct order?

• Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Deposition, Cementation

• Weathering, Cementation, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction

• Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation

• Weathering, Deposition, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

In addition to long periods of time, all of the following are necessary for the formation of sedimentary rock EXCEPT –

• extreme heat.

• organic matter.

• various sediment.

• intense pressure.

The diagram below shows the sequence of the processes that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram?

• Melting and cooling

• Erosion and compaction

• Compaction and cementation

• Evaporation and dissolving

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Some students make a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock. The students pour 2 centimeters of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box. Then they add 1 centimeter of gravel. Finally they pour 2 centimeters of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show?

• Sedimentary rock is made of layers.

• Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.

• Sedimentary rock is often limestone.

• Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.

Which statement best describes the processes of weathering and erosion?

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the breakdown of any type of rock into smaller particles and the carrying away of the loose sediments.

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for depositing loose sediments on the bottom of the ocean, forming layers of sediment.

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the amount of water in a river that transports sediments to the sea.

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the transportation, deposition and compaction of loose sediments on the seafloor.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The process of sediments sticking together due to dissolved minerals crystallizing around the sediments is called...

• rock gluing

• cooling and crystallization

• cementation

• heat and pressure

When sediments are under pressure from other sediments above them, this is called . . .

• cementation

• compaction

• weathering

• heat and pressure