Energy Use and Conservation

Which scenario shows the least amount of kinetic energy?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Gasoline is the source of the energy used by a car to move. What type of energy is stored in the gasoline before it is released in a burning reaction in the engine?

• chemical potential energy

• elastic potential energy

• gravitational potential energy

• kinetic energy

Which factors affect the amount of kinetic energy of an object?

• height and mass

• height and volume

• speed and mass

• speed and volume

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

A student is testing three similarly shaped cups made of different materials to determine how quickly heat transfers. The student fills each cup with the same amount of water at 90°C, as shown.

Which question will help the student conclude which material is best at limiting heat transfer by conduction?

• Which cup’s water is at the coldest temperature after 10 minutes?

• Which cup’s outer material is the coldest temperature after 10 minutes

• Which cup’s water can be heated in a microwave or on a kitchen stove?

• Which cup’s material is the thickest?

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A student conducts an experiment by dropping three balls with the same size but different masses from a height of two meters into a box of flour. The table shows the recorded measurements of the indentation each ball makes in the flour.

• The ball with the greatest mass has the most kinetic energy as it lands in the flour.

• The ball with the lowest mass has the greatest velocity as it lands in the flour.

• As the height from which the ball is dropped increases, the kinetic energy increases.

• As the size of the ball decreases, the velocity increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A child pulls back a knob to compress a spring. When the child releases the knob, a pinball shoots forward to start the game, as shown.

How does the child’s action move the pinball?

• Compressing the spring creates kinetic energy, which when released, transforms into elastic energy of the ball.

• Compressing the spring stores elastic energy, which when released, transforms into kinetic energy of the ball.

• Compressing the spring stores elastic energy, and when released, the elastic energy transfers to the ball.

• Compressing the spring creates kinetic energy, and when released, the kinetic energy transfers to the ball.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student fills a small container with water at 80°C. The student is designing a plan to maintain the temperature of the water at 80°C.

Which plan will best maintain the temperature of the water?

• Place the container on top of a material that acts as a conductor.

• Place the container on top of a material that acts as an insulator.

• Enclose the container in a material that acts as a conductor.

• Enclose the container in a material that acts as an insulator.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

A student holds a positively charged plate a short distance away from a negatively charged plate, as shown.

Which statement explains what the student will observe between the two plates?

• The negatively charged plate will move away from the positively charged plate as electric potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy.

• The negatively charged plate will move away from the positively charged plate as kinetic energy is transformed into electric potential energy.

• The negatively charged plate will move toward the positively charged plate as electric potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy.

• The negatively charged plate will move toward the positively charged plate as kinetic energy is transformed into electric potential energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-3

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

A student rolls a 20-gram ball at different speeds. The table shows the kinetic energy of the ball at each speed.

Based on the data, which statement describes the relationship between the speed and the kinetic energy of the ball?

• When the speed of the ball is halved, the kinetic energy doubles.

• When the speed of the ball is doubled, the kinetic energy doubles.

• When the speed of the ball is doubled, the kinetic energy quadruples.

• When the speed of the ball is quadrupled, the kinetic energy is halved.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Two charged particles, R and S, are placed in two different arrangements, as shown in the diagrams.

Which diagram shows the particle arrangement with the greatest amount of electric potential energy, and why?

• Diagram 1; particle R is higher than particle S.

• Diagram 1; there is space between the two particles for electric charge.

• Diagram 2; there is a smaller electric field around the two particles.

• Diagram 2; more work is required to place particle R next to particle S.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-3

NGSS.MS-PS2-5