Quiz about Unit 8 Earth Science

Question 1

Which catastrophic event would most likely result in trees being knocked over and the disappearance of most of the plants and animals along a narrow path in a forest ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A Tornado

Answer

A Volcanic Eruption

Answer

An Earthquake

Answer

A Flash Flood

Question 2

A forest fire can have which of the following positive effects?

Accepted Answer

Clears underbrush to allow new plants to grow

Answer

Provides heat mammals need in colder seasons

Answer

Increases annual rainfall by forming more clouds

Answer

Drives away predators that eat smaller animals

Question 3

If a tornado uproots most of the trees in an ecosystem, it could be expected that, due to the loss of the trees, there will be a reduction in -

Accepted Answer

oxygen

Answer

precipitation

Answer

sunlight

Answer

soil

Question 4

Tornadoes are catastrophic events that create change in ecosystems in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

High winds damage areas of important plant life.

Answer

Saltwater kills many ground-dwelling animals.

Answer

Wildfires started by lightning reduce carbon dioxide

Answer

Heavy flooding increases areas where trees can grow.

Question 5

Tornadoes can negatively affect an ecosystem when -

Accepted Answer

their strong winds uproot many of the important plants.

Answer

the saltwater they bring kills off burrowing insects.

Answer

the rise in water level they produce introduces harmful salt.

Answer

they bring higher temperatures favored by birds.

Question 6

A flood will have a greater effect on a habitat than a heavy rainfall event because a flood -

Accepted Answer

strikes more quickly, not allowing organisms to migrate.

Answer

is followed by strong winds that greatly affect a habitat.

Answer

brings salt and other substances that harm plants.

Answer

happens more often and lasts much longer.

Question 7

Weathering of Earth's surface can have which of the following effects?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down rocks.

Answer

Creating hurricanes.

Answer

Building mountains

Answer

Causing lava flow

Question 8

Canyons are formed by -

Accepted Answer

rivers carrying sediments that erode land.

Answer

earthquakes breaking rock layers apart.

Answer

wind smoothing out rock formations.

Answer

lava flowing from nearby volcanoes.

Question 9

Sand dunes are large piles of sand that can be found in the desert. What causes these sand dunes to form?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Water

Answer

Earthquakes

Answer

Volcanoes

Question 10

The Rolling Plains region of Texas has a number of deep canyons. One would expect this region to have -

Accepted Answer

flowing rivers

Answer

moving glaciers

Answer

deep lakes

Answer

high winds

Question 11

Sediments, which are deposited at the mouth of a river, create a -

Accepted Answer

Delta

Answer

Lake

Answer

Volcano

Answer

Canyon

Question 12

A student builds a model to show how pollutants move through an ecosystem. In a plastic tub, the student places a layer of small marbles, covers it with a thick cloth, and then adds a layer of sand. The student sprinkles red powdered paint on top of the sand.

When the student sprays water on the model, the red color appears in the cloth and in the water in the marble layer. Which part of the model represents pollutants introduced by humans?

Accepted Answer

Red powdered paint

Answer

Layers of Sand

Answer

The thick cloth

Answer

The marbles

Question 13

Subsidence, the sinking of the surface of Earth, would most likely be caused by which of the following human activities?

Accepted Answer

Excess removal of water from underground reserves

Answer

Storing drinking water in small above ground basins

Answer

Using toxic chemicals in the manufacturing of goods

Answer

Filtering out pollutants at a water treatment plant

Question 14

How might runoff from farms adding fertilizer to a pond have a negative effect?

Accepted Answer

Rapid growth of algae could cover the pond, cutting off sunlight to other organisms.

Answer

Increased volume in the pond will make it harder for fish to find food.

Answer

Fertilizers could speed the rate of deposition of sediments in the pond.

Answer

Chemicals in the fertilizer could enter the soil around the pond and be trapped there.

Question 15

Overflow during a heavy rainstorm from a wastewater treatment plant would result in -

Accepted Answer

polluted runoff into nearby ponds.

Answer

weakened housing foundations.

Answer

flooding in the local aquifer.

Answer

flooding in the local aquifer.

Question 16

Fertilizers added to crops on farms can collect in runoff and enter the watershed. This problem would be reduced in areas where -

Accepted Answer

an extended drought leads to little or no rain.

Answer

the growing season of the crops is longer.

Answer

crops are grown for animals as well as humans.

Answer

farms are situated on the sides of mountains.

Question 17

The illustration shows a river and four cities on that river.

When the water from the river was sampled at location X, it was found to be polluted with various chemicals. What would be the most likely source for this pollution?

Accepted Answer

City 1 and city 2

Answer

City 2 and city 3

Answer

City 3 and city 4

Answer

City 1 and city 4

Question 18

A paper company wants to build a paper mill in the watershed where a village exists. In order to minimize potential pollution to the village, which of the following locations is the best to build the mill?

Accepted Answer

Downstream from the village

Answer

At the highest point in the watershed

Answer

Closest to a freshwater stream or river

Answer

Nearest to the main street of the village

Question 19

Pollutants from a factory that enter the water in a watershed will have a negative effect on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Local pond life

Answer

Direction of river flow

Answer

Available space for crops

Answer

Rainfall rates

Question 20

An area experiences a long period of drought forcing towns to pump out almost all of the water held in aquifers. What is the most likely result of this over pumping?

Accepted Answer

Stability of underground rock layers will be weakened.

Answer

Rainfall levels will increase and fill the aquifer.

Answer

A dead zone will be created in the watershed.

Answer

Excessive growth of plants will occur in local lakes.

Question 21

Runoff from agricultural land carries chemicals from fertilizers that collect in a lake. The buildup of chemicals can eventually cause-

Accepted Answer

aquatic life, such as fish and turtles, to die from a lack of oxygen.

Answer

excess water to fill the aquifer, resulting in pore shrinkage and subsidence.

Answer

river tributaries to reroute, changing the flow of natural waterways.

Answer

rainfall levels to drop causing drought and a shorter growing season.

Question 22

Rapid growth of algae in a pond is often the result of -

Accepted Answer

excess nutrients from fertilizer runoff.

Answer

loss of habitat due to commercial building.

Answer

flooding that causes water levels to rise.

Answer

clogged river tributaries entering a lake.

Question 23

The map shows the various ecoregions of Texas. Which ecoregion is most vulnerable to wind erosion from hurricanes originating in the Gulf of Mexico?

Accepted Answer

Gulf Prairies and Marshes

Answer

Post Oak Savannah

Answer

Blackland Prairies

Answer

Edwards Plateau

Question 24

Sand bars are large deposits of sand that appear close to the shoreline of a beach. Which of the following processes is responsible for creating sand bars?

Accepted Answer

Wave action and currents

Answer

Constant light breezes

Answer

Hurricane precipitation

Answer

Aquatic organism activity

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