Cycles of Matter: Water, Carbon, and Nitrogen

Earth’s cycles of matter involve which aspect of an ecosystem?

• biological

• geological

• chemical

• all of the above

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All of the following are cycled through living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem except

• water

• carbon

• oxygen

• energy

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Which of the following contributes to the return of water vapor to the atmosphere?

• precipitation

• evaporation

• runoff

• percolation

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Which process brings carbon into the living portion of its cycle?

• photosynthesis

• respiration

• decomposition

• combustion

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For which reason do organisms need nitrogen?

• Nitrogen is required for photosynthesis.

• It is part of the process of respiration.

• Nitrogen is an essential part of proteins.

• It is bound to calcium for bone growth.

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Denitrification is

• This process converts nitrogen into a usable form for organisms.

• Carbon dioxide is a by-product of this biological reaction.

• This process returns nitrogen gas to the atmosphere.

• this process changes ammonia into nitrates

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The carbon in the remains of organisms that lived long ago is released in the burning of

• wood

• rocks

• fossil fuel

• calcium carbonate.

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Nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in

• rotting tree logs.

• soil and all plant roots

• soil and legumes plant roots

• atmosphere

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Which type of bacteria plays a significant role in the nitrogen cycle?

• denitrifying bacteria

• nitrogen-fixing bacteria

• decomposers

• all of the above

in the water cycle, what happens after the water evaporates into the atmosphere?

• it falls back again directly

• it cools down and condenses

• it remains in the sky

• it undergoes transpiration

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