Heredity and DNA Technology

Black hair color is dominant to white hair color in mice. Interpret the Punnett Square below to determine the expected phenotypic ratio for the offspring of a homozygous black mouse and a white mouse.

• 4 Black : 0 White

• 3 Black : 1 White

• 2 Black : 2 White

• 0 Black : 4 White

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What is the main benefit to using genetically modified organisms, even though their use has sparked an ethical debate around the world?

• Humans can produce more insulin naturally.

• Fewer pharmaceutical products are produced

• Farm products have a more pleasing appearance

• Fewer pesticides are released into the environment

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What is the main goal of the Human Genome Project?

• To find cures for genetic diseases

• To find all mutations in humans DNA

• To sequence all DNA on human chromosomes

• To count the number of genes in human DNA

Opponents of the genetic engineering of plants argue that it is difficult to accurately predict the consequences of plant alterations to the local habitat. Which is the most likely negative outcome of genetic modifications of plants?

• Genetically engineered plants would outcompete the local, native plants, causing massive die outs.

• Genetically engineered plants that are pest-resistant would reduce the local population of pollinating insects.

• Genetically engineered plants that are greener in appearance would be chosen more often as food by consumers

• Genetically engineered plants would transfer genes to the local, native plants, creating new species that cannot be killed

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Which areas in society are most directly benefiting from the use of transgenic organisms?

• politics and economics

• education and sports

• medicine and agriculture

• aerospace and architecture

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The diagram below compares the DNA of a newly discovered bird (bird 1) along with four known bird species.

Which bird is least likely related to bird 1?

• bird 2

• bird 3

• bird 4

• bird 5

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The diagram shows the steps in bacterial transformation. In which step would restriction enzymes most likely be used?

• step 1

• step 2

• step 3

• step 4

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The diagram of the bacterial cell shows the structures necessary for the creation of a transgenic organism. Which statement correctly identifies the structure labeled as Structure II and describe its role in creating a transgenic organism?

• Structure II is a ribosome. The ribosome combines with the host organism's genetic material to create recombinant DNA, which is then inserted into a host organism to create a transgenic organism.

• Structure II is a ribosome. The ribosome combines with the host organism's genetic material to create recombinant DNA, which is then inserted into a host organism to create a transgenic organism.

• Structure II is a bacterial plasmid. Genetic material is inserted into the plasmid, which is then placed into the cells of another organism where it combines with that organism's chromosomes to create a transgenic organism.

• Structure II is a mitochondrion. Genetic material is inserted into the mitochondrion, which is then placed into the cells of another organism where it combines with that organism's chromosomes to create a transgenic organism.

What is one way transgenic organisms are used?

• as a tool for breeding

• in cataloging endangered species

• in the production of human insulin

• in the identification of invasive species

Colorblindness is inherited as a sex-linked recessive disease. An affected male marries a female who is heterozygous for the trait. What percentage of their offspring will exhibit colorblindness?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 100%

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