Biology Keystone Module I

Once the energy in an ATP molecule is released, how does the cell most often reuse the ADP molecule that remains?

• It is reused for long-term energy storage.
• It is recombined with phosphates for reuse.
• It is broken down further in a lysosome for reuse.
• It is reused as a component of a nucleotide in RNA.

Which of these properties of water enables fish to survive in ponds and lakes throughout winter?

• strong adhesion
• high surface tension
• strong capillary action
• low density in its solid state

Cellulase is an enzyme some organisms use to digest cellulose, which is present in plant cell walls.  Which statement best describes the role of cellulase in this reaction?

• It increases the time it takes the reaction to occur.
• It changes the pH of cells in which the reaction occurs.
  It raises the temperature at which the reaction can occur.
• It raises the temperature at which the reaction can occur.
• It reduces the amount of energy needed to start the reaction.

Which of these is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

• the manufacture of proteins by embedded ribosomes
• the identification of lipids to be digested by lysosomes
• the modification and routing of proteins to their destination
• the temporary storage of lipids that will be sent outside the cell

Which statement correctly describes osmosis?

• It uses energy to move molecules across the plasma membrane.
• It uses carrier proteins to move molecules across the plasma membrane.
• It moves water from where it is in higher concentration toward a lower concentration.
• It moves solutes from a more concentrated solution into a less concentrated solution.

Which of these shows levels of organization in the human body in increasing order of complexity?

• cardiac muscle cells  cardiac tissue   heart (organ)  circulatory system
• cardiac tissue  cardiac muscle cells   heart(organ)  circulatory system
• cardiac muscle cells  circulatory system  cardiac tissue  heart(organ)
• heart(organ)  cardiac muscle cells   circulatory system   cardiac tissue

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-2

Which statement describes a process that occurs in mitochondria?

• Energy is stored in glucose molecules.
• Energy is released from glucose molecules.
• Chemical energy is transformed into light energy.
• Light energy is transformed into chemical energy.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Why is a plasma membrane described as "selectively permeable"?

• It only allows water to pass into or out of a cell.
• It allows substances to pass into but not out of a cell.
• It allows substances to pass out of but not into a cell.
• It only allows certain substances to pass into or out of a cell.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

In the human digestive system, the enzyme pepsin is present in acidic areas, while the enzyme trypsin is present in less acidic areas.  Which of these statements most likely describes a difference in how they function?

• Pepsin functions optimally at a lower pH level that trypsin.
• Trypsin functions optimally at a lower pH level than pepsin.
• Pepsin functions optimally at a lower temperature than trypsin.
• Trypsin functions optimally at a higher temperature than pepsin.

How do a carbon atom's available electrons allow it to form biological macromolecules?

• Carbon can bond with most elements except itself.
• Carbon can bond with a few other elements and itself.
• A carbon atom can form bonds with up to six other atoms.
• A carbon atom can form bonds with up to four other atoms.