IB Physics Topic 8 Review

The unit of energy density of a fuel is

• J m^–2.

• J m^–3.

• J kg^–1.

• kg J^–1.

Which of the following is the best estimate for the overall efficiency of a typical coal power station? 

• 5%
• 30%
• 60%
• 90%

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

The average temperature of the surface of the Sun is about 20 times more than the average surface temperature of the Earth. The average power per unit area radiated by the Earth is P. The average power per unit area radiated by the Sun is 

• 20P. 
• 400P. 
• 8000 P. 
• 160 000 P. 

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-2

Global warming reduces the ice and snow cover on Earth. Which of the following correctly describes the changes in albedo and rate of energy absorption by Earth? 

• A
• B
• C
• D

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-2

NGSS.HS-ESS2-4

The efficiency of a modern natural gas power station is approximately 

• 10%
• 50%
• 75%
• 90%

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

The rate of global warming might be reduced by 

• replacing the use of coal and oil with natural gas. 
• a reduction in the Earth’s albedo. 
• a reduction in carbon fixation. 
• an increase in deforestation. 

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-4

Greenhouse gases 

• reflect infrared radiation but absorb ultraviolet radiation. 
• reflect ultraviolet radiation but absorb infrared radiation. 
• transmit infrared radiation but absorb ultraviolet radiation. 
• transmit ultraviolet radiation but absorb infrared radiation. 

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

NGSS.HS-PS4-4

The Sankey diagram shows a typical fossil-fuel plant of total efficiency 40 %. There are frictional, electrical transmission and energy losses to the lower temperature surroundings. Which branch represents the electrical energy arriving at the customer? 

• A
• B
• C
• D

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

The absolute temperature of a black body increases by 2 %. What is the percentage increase in the power emitted by the black body?

• 2

• 4

• 8

• 16

Changes in the climate are leading to a reduction in ice cover on Earth. Which of the following describes, for Earth, the change in albedo and the change in the rate of energy absorption? 

• A
• B
• C
• D

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-4

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5