Crispr-Cas9

What does the acronym CRISPR stand for?

• Controlled Reservative Image Spectacle Palindromic Recounts

• Clustered Regularly-Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

CRISPR can edit DNA. What organisms naturally has CRISPR?

• Viruses

• Humans

• Plants

• Bacteria

Why do bacteria have CRISPR? Check all that apply.

• To be able to remember which viruses they have been infected with

• To be able to edit virus DNA

• To cut apart virus DNA thereby stopping the virus infection

• To be able to edit their own DNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A PAM is

• a 15-20 bp sequence snipped from a viral genome that serves as a tracer DNA to locate viruses later

• a 3 bp sequence that adjacent to viral DNA in a CRISPR array

• a girl's name popular in the 1960s

• where the DNA is cut

What is the role of the guide RNA?

• It helps the cell repair the DNA

• ensures that the Cas9 enzyme cuts at the right point in the genome

• Recognizes PAM sequences and opens up the DNA

• makes a cut across both strands of the DNA

How does the guide RNA help the cell know where to cut the DNA?

• Guide RNA helps to find the PAM

• Guide RNA is complementary to the DNA sequence

• Guide RNA always binds to the same sequence of DNA

• Like restriction sites, they are always palindromes

The following sequence is a known GENE MUTATION that geneticists would like to remove. What would be the guide RNA they need to build into a CRISPR-Cas9 enzyme?

TTA CCG

• AAU GGC

• AAT GGC

• TTA CCG

• GCC ATT

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What does the cas9 protein do?

• Prevents viruses from entering bacteria

• Cut RNA

• Cut DNA

• Binds to RNA

Bacteria have CRISPR as a tool to be able to remember what viruses they have been infected with and then get rid of those viruses if they see them again.

How does the bacteria remember what virus they have been infected with?

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Bacteria have CRISPR as a tool to be able to remember what viruses they have been infected with and then get rid of those viruses if they see them again.

How does the bacteria identify a virus it has seen before?