Effective Nuclear Charge, Atomic Radius, Electronegativity, Ionization Energy

A measure of the size of an atom, and is generally defined as the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron orbit

• chemical reactivity

• atomic radius

• energy levels

• orbit

The core of an atom where most of the mass of an atom exists; contains protons and neutrons

• nucleus
• electron shell
• proton
• electron

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The minimum energy required to remove an electron from the ground state of an atom

• electron configuration
• energy levels
• ionization energy
• ionic bond

The tendency of an atom to attract electrons and acquire a negative charge

• electronegativity
• charge
• bonding ability
• electron configuration

Vertical columns of elements (families) on the periodic table with similar valence electron configurations and similar properties

• groups
• periods
• quadrants
• rows

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

An electron that resides in the outermost shell, or principal quantum level, of an atom

• periodic trend
• electron shell
• ionic radius
• valence electron

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Which has the greater EN:

Cl or Al?

• Cl because it is an anion that would gain electrons.

• Al because it is a cation that would gain electrons.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Which has the greater EN:

N or C?

• C because carbon would gain 4 electrons to become stable it has a greater electronegativity.

• N because nitrogen would gain 3 electrons to become stable it has a greater electronegativity.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

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Which has the greater EN:

H or F?

• H because hydrogen has a +1 charge that means it would gain one electron.

• F because fluorine has a -1 charge that means it would gain one electron.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

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Which of the following will have a larger radius than Zinc?

• Gallium because as you go across the row the nuclear charge decreases so the size of the atom increases.

• Aluminum because as you go across the row the nuclear charge increases so the size of the atom increases.

• Magnesium because it has more energy levels therefore it has more shielding electrons making the atom larger.

• Strontium because it has more energy levels therefore it has more shielding electrons making the atom larger.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1