Amplify Earths Systems Chapter 1

Jorge claims that the gravitational force of Earth always pulls objects toward the center of the Earth. Which of the following demonstrations would provide evidence to support his claim?

• dropping objects in many locations while standing on level ground and steep hillsides and sketching how they fall

• throwing a variety of objects into the air at many different angles and sketching how they fall

• weighing many different objects at different places on Earth to show the effects of gravity

• dropping objects from many different heights and recording the time it takes them to fall

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

The healthy plant shown on the left in this picture is standing tall, and its leaves and flowers are reaching upward. The unhealthy plant on the right is losing leaves and flowers.

How does this demonstrate the force of gravity?

• The leaves that have come off the unhealthy plant are pulled directly to the ground, toward Earth’s center.

• Gravity makes the unhealthy stems weak so they droop.

• Gravity makes the plant grow upward toward the sun.

• There is no force of gravity on the healthy plant.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

A science class is studying gravity. The students must come up with a way to demonstrate evidence of gravity. Which activity can the students do to support their argument that

gravity exists?

• Make two toy cars of equal size collide on a table, and watch as they change direction and speed.

• Build two paper airplanes, and see which one can fly to the other side of the classroom the fastest.

• Bounce a ball in the classroom, and show how the bounces get bigger and bigger each time.

• Drop a marble and a feather from the same height, and watch them fall to the ground.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

This table shows the size, the distance from Earth, the average temperature, and the color of several stars visible from Earth.

Which statement explains why the sun appears the largest and brightest to us on Earth?

• The sun has a milder temperature.

• The sun is the closest star.

• The sun is smallest in size.

• The sun is yellow.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Students are doing a demo. One holds a foam sphere that is yellow like the sun. Another is holding a sphere that is painted like a blue star. The students stand still, side by side, facing the class. Their classmates sketch what they see.

The student with the blue foam sphere takes 15 steps away from the class. Which of the following is not a possible outcome?

• The smaller foam sphere will look bigger than the larger sphere.

• The smaller sphere will look even smaller than it originally did.

• The larger foam sphere will look smaller than it originally did.

• The two spheres look the same size.

The diagram shows the path of the sun as it moves across the sky during different seasons.

In which season would the person living in the house see the longest shadow being cast by the sun?

• fall

• spring

• winter

• summer

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The diagram shows planet Earth during the Northern Hemisphere’s summer. What causes the difference in hours of sunlight during the summer at these types of locations?

• Because of the tilt of our Earth, the Northern Hemisphere receives more hours of sunlight during the summer, and the Southern Hemisphere receives less.

• The sun is higher than Earth in its orbit during the summer, causing the Northern Hemisphere to get more sunlight.

• The sun is not large enough to light two places on Earth at once, so some locations receive more sunlight than others.

• Locations 66° north of the equator are always closer to the sun during the day.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

This diagram shows the South Pole tilting toward the sun on its axis, while the North Pole is tilting away. Which is true?

• It is summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

• It is summer in the Northern Hemisphere.

• It is winter in the Southern Hemisphere.

• It is winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

A student is studying the cause of day and night. The student places a star on the diagram showing where she lives. What must happen in order for it to become nighttime where the student lives?

• Earth must rotate on its axis

• Earth must revolve around the sun.

• Earth must revolve around the moon.

• The moon must revolve around Earth.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

This is a diagram showing patterns of Earth, the sun, and the moon in space. According to the diagram, which pattern affects seasons?

• the sun rotating around its center

• Earth revolving around the sun

• the moon revolving around Earth

• the moon rotating around the sun

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1