Topic 11.1 IB Biology

Who invented the first ever vaccine?

Against which disease was the first vaccine created?

• Smallpox

• Chicken pox

• Tuberculosis

• Covid-19

What can vaccines contain?

• A whole, live but attenuated form of a pathogen

• Part of a pathogen and an adjuvant

• The genetic material of a pathogen

• Antibodies

Which of the following always occurs when a vaccine enters the bloodstream?

• Dendritic cells present the antigen on their surface

• T-cells are stimulated to identify a suitable antibody

• Plasma cells differentiate into B cells, containing large numbers of monoclonal antibodies

• Memory cells are produced

Which type of vaccine provides immunity for the longest?

• Live, attenuated vaccines

• Proteins and adjuvants

What provides the best protection for members of a community that are too weak to be vaccinated?

• Self-isolation

• Herd immunity

• Mask wearing

• Letting them die

What are the benefits of being vaccinated against a disease?

• Lower risk of becoming unwell compared to catching the actual disease

• Longer-lasting immunity compared to a natural immune response

• Protecting the vulnerable by herd immunity

• Faster immune response during exposure to the pathogen

What is the purpose of a booster vaccination?

• It can target new variants of a disease

• It increases the number of memory cells produced in response to a previous vaccine

• It replenishes used antibodies

• It increases herd immunity