Ecology Energy and Matter

Which of the following is an example of a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

• sunlight
• stream
• rock
• tree

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NGSS.MS-LS1-4

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An organism that makes its own food is called a

• producer
• consumer
• herbivore
• cannibal

The basis for the energy in an ecosystem is provided by

• producers
• consumer
• heterotrophs
• chemosynthesis

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Most producers get energy from the Sun using the process of

• cellular respiration
• chemosynthesis
• photosynthesis
• consumption

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

A model that shows a single sequence of feeding relationships is called a

• trophic level
• feeding chain
• food web
• food chain

Decomposers are important to ecosystems because they

• return vital nutrients to the ecosystem
• capture energy from the Sun
• are producers
• can be omnivores

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

A food chain contains oak trees (producer), mice (herbivore), black rat snakes (carnivore), and bald eagles (carnivore). How many trophic levels does this food chain have?

• one
• two 
• three
• four

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Food webs are models that show

• one sequence of producers and consumers.
• networks of feeding relationships
• stored energy in food chains
• a.  only primary consumers in an ecosystem

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The water cycle, in which water moves from the atmosphere, to the surface, below ground, and back, is also called the

• Carbon Cycle
• Hydrologic Cycle
• Biogeochemical Cycle
• Atom Cycle

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

A diagram that shows how available energy is distributed among trophic levels in an ecosystem is called a(n)

• food pyrmaid
• pyramid of numbers
• energy pyramid
• food web

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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