Middle School Science

The basic unit of structure and function in all living things.

• chloroplast
• nucleus
• cell
• cell membrane

Plants perform photosynthesis through this organelle.  It captures energy from the sun and uses it to produce food for the cell.

• Chlorophyll
• Chloroplasts
• Mitochondria
• Golgi Apparatus

This structure is in plant cells but not animal cells. It is outside of the cell membrane and adds more support/structure/rigidity to the plant.

• Cell membrane
• Cell Nucleus
• Cell Wall
• Endoplasmic Reticulum

Behavioral changes of individuals of a species that allow for better survival. (Acquired traits)

• Variation
• Adaptation
• Behavior
• Environment

Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.

• Evolution
• Natural Selection
• Extinction
• Artifical Selection

The theory of evolution by natural selection means that what is changing over time?

• The inherited traits of a population.
• The acquired traits of a population.
• Hair color and eye color
• Attractive features.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

• Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• Because they come from dominant alleles.
• Because they come from recessive alleles.
• Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

What type of galaxy do we live in?

• Spiral
• Elliptical
• Irregular
• Coaxial

Galileo proposed that our galaxy is heliocentric. What does this mean?

• the sun is the outermost edge of our galaxy
• the Earth is the center of our galaxy
• the sun is the center of our galaxy
• the Earth is the outermost edge of our galaxy

Which of the following is the smallest?

• The Milky Way Galaxy
• A red giant star
• The moon
• Jupiter