Quiz about Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Question 1

What is the opening in Earth's crust through which molten rock, gases, and ash erupt?

Accepted Answer

Volcano

Answer

Divergent Boundary

Answer

Magma

Answer

Subduction Boundary

Question 2

What is molten rock that has formed deep within the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Magma

Answer

Hot Spot

Answer

Lava

Answer

Volcano

Question 3

What is the definition of dormant?

Accepted Answer

inactive

Answer

extinct

Answer

active

Answer

invisible

Question 4

What is the opening that extends from the magma chamber to the top of the volcano called?

Accepted Answer

vent

Answer

magma

Answer

lava

Answer

crater

Question 5

What is Magma when it reaches the surface of Earth?

Accepted Answer

Lava

Answer

Mafic Magma

Answer

Felsic Magma

Answer

None of these

Question 6

A volcano that has gentle sloping sides and is formed from runny lava

Accepted Answer

Shield volcano

Answer

Cinder cone

Answer

Composite

Answer

None of these

Question 7

When an explosive eruption  forms a mixture of hot rock, ash, and gas, this material is called a...?

Accepted Answer

Pyroclastic flow

Answer

Land slide

Answer

Lava

Answer

Eruption trail

Question 8

A volcano that has steep sides and is formed from ash, cinders, and lava bombs is called

Accepted Answer

a cinder cone volcano

Answer

a shield volcano

Answer

a composite volcano

Question 9

A volcano that is made from layers of both runny lava and ash and cinders is called

Accepted Answer

a composite volcano

Answer

a shield volcano

Answer

a cinder cone volcano

Question 10

Dormant volcanoes might erupt in the future.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 11

a shaking of the ground caused by rock plates of the earth's crust

Accepted Answer

earthquake

Answer

evacuate

Answer

fault

Question 12

molten, liquid rock coming out of the Earth's crust from the mantle

Accepted Answer

lava

Answer

volcano

Answer

earthquake

Question 13

a release of pressure where lava shoots out of the Earth

Accepted Answer

eruption

Answer

volcano

Answer

catastrophic

Question 14

What is the spread of lava as it pours out of a vent?

Accepted Answer

lava flow

Answer

magma chamber

Answer

pipe

Answer

crater

Question 15

Beneath a volcano, magma collects in a:

Accepted Answer

magma chamber

Answer

magma pocket

Answer

vent

Answer

hole

Question 16

What is the principal ingredient to all types of magma?

Accepted Answer

Silica

Answer

Iron

Answer

Magnesium

Answer

Water

Question 17

What is the resistance of a liquid, such as lava, to flow?

Accepted Answer

Viscosity

Answer

Elasticity

Answer

Pyroclasticity

Answer

Silica

Question 18

What type of volcano has steep slopes made of alternating layers of ash and silica rich lava?

Accepted Answer

Composite Volcano

Answer

Caldera

Answer

Cinder Cone

Answer

Shield Volcano

Question 19

What type of volcano is made of lava fragments that have been ejected from a volcanic vent?

Accepted Answer

Cinder Cone

Answer

Caldera

Answer

Composite Volcano

Answer

Shield Volcano

Question 20

What is molten rock that has reached the Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

Lava

Answer

Aa

Answer

Magma

Answer

Pahoehoe

Question 21

What do you call a large crater formed by the collapse of a volcano?

Accepted Answer

Caldera

Answer

Cinder Cone

Answer

Composite Volcano

Answer

Shield Volcano

Question 22

What factor(s) determine(s) whether an eruption will be explosive?

Accepted Answer

The amount of gas and silica in the magma

Answer

The amount of gases in the magma

Answer

The amount of silica in the magma

Answer

None of these affect the explosiveness of the volcano

Question 23

What are the three main types of volcanoes?

Accepted Answer

cinder cone, composite, shield

Answer

extinct, active, dormant

Question 24

A dead volcano is called what?

Accepted Answer

extinct

Answer

active

Answer

dormant

Question 25

A fluid with a high viscosity flows ____________.

Accepted Answer

slowly

Answer

quickly

Answer

constantly

Answer

at different speeds

Question 26

Dormant volcanoes might erupt in the future.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 27

In volcanic areas, groundwater heated by magma is a source of

Accepted Answer

geothermal energy

Answer

lava flows

Answer

silicia

Answer

pyroclastic flows

Question 28

solid remains of magma that filled the conduit of an extinct
neck=exposed as volcano erupts

Accepted Answer

Volcanic Neck

Answer

Jackson

Answer

Magma Chamber

Answer

Lava Lake

Question 29

large pieces of glowing lava thrown from an explosive eruption

Accepted Answer

Lava Bomb

Answer

Lava Cloud

Answer

Lahar

Answer

Ring of Fire

Question 30

a mudflow that results from a volcanic eruption

Accepted Answer

Lahar

Answer

Pyroclastic Flow

Answer

Volcanic Cloud

Answer

Volcanic Mud

Question 31

A low silica volcano makes what type of explosion

Accepted Answer

quiet eruption

Answer

explosive eruption

Question 32

A high silica volcano makes what type of an explosive?

Accepted Answer

explosive eruption

Answer

quiet eruption

Question 33

The composition of magma determines its _____.

Accepted Answer

viscosity

Answer

darkness

Answer

color

Answer

none of the above

Question 34

As the temperature of lava increases, ________

Accepted Answer

its viscosity decrease

Answer

it begins to harden

Answer

its viscosity increases

Answer

it can flow a much short distance

Question 35

A molten mixture of rock, gases, and water deep in Earth's mantle is called

Accepted Answer

magma

Answer

lava

Answer

silica

Answer

pyroclastic flow

Question 36

The more of this magma contains, the more viscosity it has.

Accepted Answer

silica

Answer

pyroclastic flow

Answer

neck

Answer

sill

Question 37

This type of volcano is a wide, sloping mountain made of hardened layers of low-silica lava.

Accepted Answer

shield volcano

Answer

cinder cone volcano

Answer

composite volcano

Answer

cadera

Question 38

Compression, tension, and shearing are the main types of this.

Accepted Answer

stress

Answer

volcano

Answer

volcanic eruption

Answer

earthquake

Question 39

When magma hardens in the pipe of a volcano it is called this.

Accepted Answer

neck

Answer

sill

Answer

dike

Answer

geyser

Question 40

The point on Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake happened is the

Accepted Answer

epicenter

Answer

focus

Answer

fault

Answer

earthquake

Question 41

When two plates collide and cause compression and folding of the crust, this is created.

Accepted Answer

folded mountains

Answer

shield volcano

Answer

magma

Answer

pyroclastic flow

Question 42

This is a rating system that calculates the magnitude of an earthquake based on seismic waves.

Accepted Answer

Richter scale

Answer

moment magnitude scale

Answer

epicenter

Answer

silica

Question 43

Why does magma tend to rise to the surface?

Accepted Answer

It is less dense than the surrounding material.

Answer

It has large amounts of silica.

Answer

It contains very little silica.

Answer

It is denser than the surrounding material.

Question 44

The type of stress that pushes masses of rock sideways in opposite directions is called this.

Accepted Answer

shearing

Answer

tension

Answer

compression

Answer

pyroclastic flow

Question 45

True or false: S waves arrive before P waves.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 46

Scientists draw three circles on a map to represent distances from three seismic stations to find an earthquake's _______.

Accepted Answer

epicenter

Answer

magnitude

Answer

focus

Answer

Richter scale

Question 47

True or false: Folding of the crust produces anticlines and synclines.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 48

This is what forms when the top of a volcanic mountain collapses.

Accepted Answer

caldera

Answer

neck

Answer

sill

Answer

crater

Question 49

This is hot water and steam that erupts from the ground.

Accepted Answer

geyser

Answer

hot spring

Answer

volcanic eruption

Answer

earthquake

Question 50

This is a huge mass of volcanic rock that formed when a large body of magma cooled underground.

Accepted Answer

batholith

Answer

dome mountain

Answer

earthquake

Answer

fault

Question 51

What is a break in the lithosphere along which movement in an earthquake has first occurred?

Accepted Answer

Fault

Answer

Earthquake

Answer

Epicenter

Answer

Focus

Question 52

Which type of wave is the first to arrive after an earthquake occurs?

Accepted Answer

P Wave

Answer

Rayleigh Wave

Answer

S Wave

Answer

Shear Wave

Question 53

Which body wave squeezes and stretches rock materials as they pass through the Earth?

Accepted Answer

P Waves

Answer

Body Waves

Answer

S Waves

Answer

Surface Waves

Question 54

Which body waves cause particles of rock material to move at right angles to the direction in which the waves are traveling?

Accepted Answer

S Waves

Answer

Body Waves

Answer

P Waves

Answer

Surface Waves

Question 55

Which scale rates earthquakes based on the amount of damage done?

Accepted Answer

Mercalli Scale

Answer

Richter Scale

Answer

Seismogram Scale

Answer

Bernoulli Scale

Question 56

Which scale measures the intensity of the ground movement?

Accepted Answer

Richter Scale

Answer

Mercalli Scale

Answer

Seismogram Scale

Answer

Bernoulli Scale

Question 57

Which travels fastest, always being the first detected by seismic stations?

Accepted Answer

P waves

Answer

S waves

Question 58

Which scale more accurately measures the magnitude of large earthquakes

Accepted Answer

moment magnitude scale

Answer

modified Mercalli scale

Answer

Richter scale

Answer

Mohs scale

Question 59

To find the distance to an earthquake's epicenter, scientists

Accepted Answer

analyze the arrival of p waves and s waves

Answer

chart the lag time between preshocks and after shocks

Answer

use radio wave detection devices

Answer

analyze the arrival times of the Love waves and the Rayleigh waves

Question 60

To locate the epicenter of earthquakes, scientists use computers to

Accepted Answer

perform triangulations based on data from seismograph stations

Answer

analyze hypotheses and theories

Answer

detect vibrations

Answer

determine magnitude and intensity

Question 61

Which of the following are true of earthquake prediction?

Accepted Answer

it is unreliable

Answer

it is impossible

Answer

scientists do not attempt it

Answer

it is not important

Question 62

Why do earthquakes usually occur at plate boundaries?

Accepted Answer

rock in environments near tectonic plate boundaries experience great stress

Answer

the rock on the edges of tectonic plates is soft and gives in easily to various pressures

Answer

the boundaries between tectonic plates have been seismically active for millions of years

Answer

rock in environments near tectonic plate boundaries experience little stress

Question 63

When seismologists record arrival times of P waves and S waves at several seismograph stations, they are looking for the earthquake's

Accepted Answer

epicenter

Answer

magnitude

Answer

intensity

Answer

focus

Question 64

What is the term for a break in the Earth's crust?

Accepted Answer

Fault

Answer

Earthquake

Answer

Boundary

Answer

None of the above

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