Exploring the Frontiers of Genetics and Biotechnology

Proteomics is the study and comparison of

• proteins within and among species.
• genomes of various organisms.
• DNA sequence variations among people
• transgenic organisms in different environments.

Genetic engineering is possible because all organisms are based on the same

• proteins
• DNA copies
• plasmid loops
• genetic code

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The purpose of genetic engineering is to

• develop safer pesticides.
• study obesity and cancer
• reduce Earth's biodiversity
• give organisms new traits.

Scientists can study the effect of turning off a gene by using

• cloned animals
• gene knockout organisms
• DNA microarrays
• DNA fingerprinting

Genetic screening can help determine a person's risk of passing on a genetic disorder through a combination of family history and

• recombinant DNA
• gene knockouts
• DNA microarrays
• DNA testing

What is a clone?

• a genetically identical copy of a gene or organism
• a ring of bacterial DNA with foreign DNA inserted
• a mouse that has had some of its genes turned off
• a genetically engineered organism with new traits

What goal of the Human Genome Project has been achieved

• learning how DNA sequences vary among all people
• sequencing all the base pairs of the human chromosones
• understanding the function of each human gene
• discovering the proteins that play a part in cancer

Which of the following technologies uses electricity to sort DNA fragments based on their sizes?

• genetic screening
• gel electrophoresis
• DNA microarrays
• genetic engineering

Which of the following experimental techniques involves training a genetic disorder by replacing a defective gene with a functional gene?

• genetic screening
• bioinformatics
• genomics
• gene therapy

Which of the following processes could a scientist use to make an amount of DNA that is large enough to study?

• polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
• genetic engineering
• bioinformatics
• gel electrophoresis