Physics First Semester Exam

At time t=0 ,a cart is at x=10 m and has a velocity of 3 m/s in the -xdirection. The cart has a constant acceleration in the +x-direction with magnitude 3 m/s² < a < 6  m/s² . Which of the following gives the possible range of the position of the cart at t=1 s?

• 4 m < x < 5.5 m

• 8.5 m < x <10 m

• . 11.5 m < x < 13 m

• 14.5 m < x < 16 m

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1

A launcher with mass m₁ is suspended from the ceiling by a string, as shown. A block with mass m₂<m₁ is launched horizontally. At the moment of launch, the block has unknown speed v₂ and the launcher has unknown speed v₁ in the opposite direction. Which of the following is a true statement about the forces exerted between the launcher and block?

• The launcher exerts a greater force on the block than the block exerts on the launcher

• The block exerts a greater force on the launcher than the launcher exerts on the block

• The block and the launcher exert forces of equal magnitude on each other

• The relative magnitude of the force exerted on the spring by the block and launcher cannot be determined without knowing v1 and v2 .

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

At time t=0s, an object is moving to the right with a velocity v that can be modeled by the equation𝑣 = (4.2 𝑚/𝑠 ) − (1.4 𝑚/𝑠 ² ) 𝑡. At what time, if any, does the object change its direction of motion?

• 0.33 s

• 3.0 s

• 5.6 s

• At no time; the object never changes direction.

A distant planet has an acceleration due to gravity of 4 m/s² near its surface. An object is released from rest from the top of a tall cliff on the planet, and the object lands at the bottom of the cliff in 20 seconds. A second object is then thrown upward from the edge of the same cliff with a speed of 4 m/s. The time it takes the second object to reach the bottom of the cliff is most nearly

• 19 s

• 21 s

• 22 s

• 80 s

Blocks 1 and 2 are connected by a light string that passes over a pulley with negligible mass and friction, as shown in the figure. Block 1 is on a table covered with two different materials, A and B. The two-block system is released from rest, and the speed of block 1 begins to increase. When block 1 reaches material B, its speed increases at a greater rate. Which of the following correctly compares the coefficient of kinetic friction μ between block 1 and the two materials and describes the change in the magnitude of the net force on block 2 as block 1 slides from material A to material B?

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1

A toy doll and a toy robot are standing on a frictionless surface facing each other. The doll has a mass of 0.20 kg, and the robot has a mass of 0.30 kg. The robot pushes on the doll with a force of 0.30 N. The magnitude of the acceleration of the robot is

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1

A box of mass m is released from rest and accelerates down a ramp that is at an angle θ to the horizontal, as shown. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the ramp is μ. As the box is sliding down the ramp, how are the magnitudes of the horizontal and vertical components of the box’s velocity changing, if at all?

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1

An engineer measures the velocity v of a remote-controlled cart on a straight track at regular time intervals. The data are shown in the graph above. During which of the following time intervals did the cart return to its position at time t=0 s?

• 3 s ≤ t < 5 s

• 5 s ≤ t < 7 s

• 7 s ≤ t < 10 s

• 10 s ≤ t < 12 s

On another planet, a ball is in free fall after being released from rest at time t=0 . A graph of the height of the ball above the planet’s surface as a function of time t is shown. The acceleration due to gravity on the planet is most nearly

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1

An amusement park ride consists of a large vertical wheel of radius R that rotates counterclockwise on a horizontal axis through its center, as shown above. The cars on the wheel move at a constant speed v. Points A and D represent the position of a car at the highest and lowest point of the ride, respectively. A person of weight F_g sits upright on a seat in one of the cars. As the seat passes point A, the seat exerts a normal force with magnitude 0.8 F_g on the person. While passing point A, the person releases a small rock of mass m, which falls to the ground without hitting anything.

What is the normal force exerted on the rider when passing point D?

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1