Types of Rocks and Minerals

Which BEST describes the rock cycle?

• New rocks form from older rocks.
• Lunar rocks change into terrestrial rocks.
• Rocks in the ocean become rocks on land.
• Layers of rock are broken by faults.

How are sedimentary rocks, such as shale and sandstone, formed?

• Particles are changed into liquids.
• Particles are compressed into layers.
• Particles are melted together by magma.
• Particles are heated by the Sun.

In order for sediments to become rock, the sediments are generally

• liquefied.
• compacted.
• returned to their origins.
• mixed with organic material.

One condition necessary to produce diamonds is

• low temperatures
• quick cooling
• intense pressure
• high altitude

Which of these substances is a mineral?

• sandstone
• granite
• quartz
• coal

Which processes must occur in order for an igneous rock to change into a metamorphic rock?

• heating and pressure
• compaction and cementation
• melting and cooling
• uplift and erosion

Which process forms the mineral halite?

• the slow crystallization of magma deep in the crust
• the cementing together of sediment particles
• the hardening of lava in seawater
• the evaporation of seawater

Which process forms both metamorphic and sedimentary rock?

• recrystallization
• heating
• weathering
• compacting

When buried sediments are subjected to pressure, the mineral grains are squeezed together. This causes

• layers to rise to the surface
• new rock to be formed
• earthquakes
• volcanoes

Which processes change magma into igneous rock?

• weathering and erosion
• heat and pressure
• compaction and cementation
• cooling and crystallization